English

Orthogonal 2-sphere basis of stable 4-sphere

Geometric Topology 2026-05-01 v2

Abstract

Every stable 4-sphere is identified with the double branched covering space of a trivial surface-knot space. As a result of Wall, it is known that any two orthogonal bases of every stable 4-sphere are transformed into each other by an orientation-preserving diffeomorphism of the stable 4-sphere. In this paper another proof of Wall's result is presented, strengthened in the sense that the lift of an equivalence of the trivial surface-knot space can be taken as the diffeomorphism. Two applications are made. The first shows that every orientation-preserving diffeomorphism of every stable 4-sphere is nothing but the double branched covering lift of an equivalence of a trivial surface-knot space up to a smooth isotopy and a composition with an identity-shift. The second gives a similar result for TOP stable 4-spheres. Here, even if it is a smooth 4-manifold, unless it is diffeomorphic to the stable 4-sphere, the TOP trivial surface-knot space cannot be smooth.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2602.01507,
  title  = {Orthogonal 2-sphere basis of stable 4-sphere},
  author = {Akio Kawauchi},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.01507},
  year   = {2026}
}

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Expanded version

R2 v1 2026-07-01T09:30:40.831Z