English

Operator Ordering in the Relativistic Quantization: Specific Heat in the Rindler Frame

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2025-09-01 v2 Quantum Physics

Abstract

We introduce a covariant canonical quantization for a particle in curved spacetime that tracks operator-ordering ambiguities. Parameterizing spatial and temporal ordering, we derive a Hermitian Hamiltonian with leading quantum-relativistic corrections. In a uniformly accelerated frame, we show the semiclassical heat-capacity approximation misses these effects and then develop a perturbative quantum treatment using Airy-function modes to obtain analytical first- and second-order energy shifts. Including these shifts in the partition function yields nontrivial, ordering-dependent specific-heat corrections. Numerical studies for electrons in extreme electric fields and ultra-light particles in strong gravitational fields demonstrate that these corrections become significant at intermediate temperatures. Enforcing the Tolman-Ehrenfest relation for spatial temperature variation further modulates the heat-capacity profile. Our results suggest that precision calorimetry in laser-acceleration or analogue gravity setups could probe quantum-ordering effects in relativistic regimes.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2506.17362,
  title  = {Operator Ordering in the Relativistic Quantization: Specific Heat in the Rindler Frame},
  author = {Karol Sajnok and Kacper Dębski},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.17362},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

2 figures, repository Ref.[76]

R2 v1 2026-07-01T03:27:15.787Z