English

On p/q-recognisable sets

Logic in Computer Science 2023-06-22 v5 Discrete Mathematics Formal Languages and Automata Theory

Abstract

Let p/q be a rational number. Numeration in base p/q is defined by a function that evaluates each finite word over A_p={0,1,...,p-1} to some rational number. We let N_p/q denote the image of this evaluation function. In particular, N_p/q contains all nonnegative integers and the literature on base p/q usually focuses on the set of words that are evaluated to nonnegative integers; it is a rather chaotic language which is not context-free. On the contrary, we study here the subsets of (N_p/q)^d that are p/q-recognisable, i.e. realised by finite automata over (A_p)^d. First, we give a characterisation of these sets as those definable in a first-order logic, similar to the one given by the B\"uchi-Bruy\`ere Theorem for integer bases numeration systems. Second, we show that the natural order relation and the modulo-q operator are not p/q-recognisable.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1801.08707,
  title  = {On p/q-recognisable sets},
  author = {Victor Marsault},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1801.08707},
  year   = {2023}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-22T23:57:35.313Z