English

Mapping memory-biased dynamics with compact models reveals overlapping communities in large networks

Physics and Society 2025-11-13 v3

Abstract

Many real-world systems, from social networks to protein-protein interactions and species distributions, exhibit overlapping flow-based communities that reflect their functional organisation. However, reliably identifying such overlapping flow-based communities requires higher-order relational data, which are often unavailable. To address this challenge, we capitalise on the flow model underpinning the representation-learning algorithm node2vec and model higher-order flows through memory-biased random walks on first-order networks. Instead of simulating these walks, we model their higher-order dynamic constraints with compact models and control model complexity with an information-theoretic approach. Using the map equation framework, we identify overlapping modules in the resulting higher-order networks. Our compact-model approach proves robust across synthetic benchmark networks, reveals interpretable overlapping communities in empirical networks, and scales to large networks.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2304.05775,
  title  = {Mapping memory-biased dynamics with compact models reveals overlapping communities in large networks},
  author = {Maja Lindström and Rohit Sahasrabuddhe and Anton Holmgren and Christopher Blöcker and Daniel Edler and Martin Rosvall},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.05775},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T10:01:49.359Z