We propose two medium-baseline, kiloton-scale neutrino experiments to study neutrinos from LHC proton-proton collisions: SINE, a surface-based scintillator panel detector observing muon neutrinos from the CMS interaction point, and UNDINE, a water Cherenkov detector submerged in lake Geneva observing all-flavor neutrinos from LHCb. Using a Monte Carlo simulation, we estimate millions of neutrino interactions during the high-luminosity LHC era. We show that these datasets can constrain neutrino cross sections, charm production in pp collisions, and strangeness enhancement as a solution to the cosmic-ray muon puzzle. SINE and UNDINE thus offer a cost-effective medium-baseline complement to the proposed short-baseline forward physics facility.
@article{arxiv.2501.08278,
title = {Lake- and Surface-Based Detectors for Forward Neutrino Physics},
author = {Nicholas W. Kamp and Carlos A. Argüelles and Albrecht Karle and Jennifer Thomas and Tianlu Yuan},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.08278},
year = {2026}
}