English

Interstellar communication. V. Introduction to photon information efficiency (in bits per photon)

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics 2017-12-18 v1 Quantum Physics

Abstract

How many bits of information can a single photon carry? Intuition says "one", but this is incorrect. With an alphabet based on the photon's time of arrival, energy, and polarization, several bits can be encoded. In this introduction to photon information efficiency, we explain how to calculate the maximum number of bits per photon depending on the number of encoding modes, noise, and losses.

Cite

@article{arxiv.1712.05682,
  title  = {Interstellar communication. V. Introduction to photon information efficiency (in bits per photon)},
  author = {Michael Hippke},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1712.05682},
  year   = {2017}
}

Comments

3 pages, 1 figure. Useful introduction for the previous parts of this series: arXiv:1706.03795, arXiv:1706.05570, arXiv:1711.05761, arXiv:1711.07962

R2 v1 2026-06-22T23:19:21.989Z