The ability to sense and control nuclear spins near solid-state defects might enable a range of quantum technologies. Dynamically Decoupled Radio-Frequency (DDRF) control offers a high degree of design flexibility and long electron-spin coherence times. However, previous studies considered simplified models and little is known about optimal gate design and fundamental limits. Here, we develop a generalised DDRF framework that has important implications for spin sensing and control. Our analytical model, which we corroborate by experiments on a single NV center in diamond, reveals the mechanisms that govern the selectivity of gates and their effective Rabi frequencies, and enables flexible detuned gate designs. We apply these insights to numerically show a 60x sensitivity enhancement for detecting weakly coupled spins and study the optimisation of quantum gates in multi-qubit registers. These results advance the understanding for a broad class of gates and provide a toolbox for application-specific design, enabling improved quantum control and sensing.
@article{arxiv.2409.13610,
title = {Improved Electron-Nuclear Quantum Gates for Spin Sensing and Control},
author = {H. B. van Ommen and G. L. van de Stolpe and N. Demetriou and H. K. C. Beukers and J. Yun and T. R. J. Fortuin and M. Iuliano and A. R. -P. Montblanch and R. Hanson and T. H. Taminiau},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.13610},
year = {2025}
}