English

Impermanent loss and loss-vs-rebalancing I: some statistical properties

Statistical Finance 2025-05-16 v2

Abstract

There are two predominant metrics to assess the performance of automated market makers and their profitability for liquidity providers: 'impermanent loss' (IL) and 'loss-versus-rebalance' (LVR). In this short paper we shed light on the statistical aspects of both concepts and show that they are more similar than conventionally appreciated. Our analysis uses the properties of a random walk and some analytical properties of the statistical integral combined with the mechanics of a constant function market maker (CFMM). We consider non-toxic or rather unspecific trading in this paper. Our main finding can be summarized in one sentence: For Brownian motion with a given volatility, IL and LVR have identical expectation values but vastly differing distribution functions.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2410.00854,
  title  = {Impermanent loss and loss-vs-rebalancing I: some statistical properties},
  author = {Abe Alexander and Lars Fritz},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.00854},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T19:04:05.791Z