English

Hydrodynamization in systems with detailed transverse profiles

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology 2020-11-11 v1 Nuclear Theory

Abstract

The observation of fluid-like behavior in nucleus-nucleus, proton-nucleus and high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions motivates systematic studies of how different measurements approach their fluid-dynamic limit. We have developed numerical methods to solve the ultra-relativistic Boltzmann equation for systems of arbitrary size and transverse geometry. Here, we apply these techniques for the first time to the study of azimuthal flow coefficients vnv_n including non-linear mode-mode coupling and to an initial condition with realistic event-by-event fluctuations. We show how both linear and non-linear response coefficients extracted from vnv_n develop as a function of opacity from free streaming to perfect fluidity. We note in particular that away from the fluid-dynamic limit, the signal strength of linear and non-linear response coefficients does not reduce uniformly, but that their hierarchy and relative size shows characteristic differences.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2007.06851,
  title  = {Hydrodynamization in systems with detailed transverse profiles},
  author = {Aleksi Kurkela and Seyed Farid Taghavi and Urs Achim Wiedemann and Bin Wu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2007.06851},
  year   = {2020}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-23T17:06:00.292Z