Higher twist effects in $e^+e^-$ annihilation at high energies

In the two papers published recently, we apply collinear expansion to both inclusive ($e^+ e^- \to h+X$) and semi-inclusive ($e^+ e^- \to h + \bar q + X$) hadron production in $e^+ e^-$ annihilation to derive a formalism suitable for a systematic study of leading as well as higher twist contributions to fragmentation functions at the tree level. We carry out the calculations for hadrons with spin-0, spin-1/2 as well as spin-1. This proceeding is mainly a summary of these two papers.