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High detectivity terahertz radiation sensing using frequency-noise-optimized nanomechanical resonators

Optics 2024-10-17 v2 Applied Physics

Abstract

We achieve high detectivity terahertz sensing using a silicon nitride nanomechanical resonator functionalized with a metasurface absorber. High performances are achieved by striking a fine balance between the frequency stability of the resonator, and its responsivity to absorbed radiation. Using this approach, we demonstrate a detectivity D=3.4×109 cmHz/WD^*=3.4\times10^9~\mathrm{cm\cdot\sqrt{Hz}/W} and a noise equivalent power NEP=36 pW/Hz\mathrm{NEP}=36~\mathrm{pW/\sqrt{Hz}} that outperform the best room-temperature on-chip THz detectors (i.e., pyroelectrics). Our optical absorber consists of a 1-mm diameter metasurface, which currently enables a 0.5-3 THz detection range but can easily be scaled to other frequencies in the THz and infrared ranges. In addition to demonstrating high-performance terahertz sensing, our work unveils an important fundamental trade-off between high frequency stability and high responsivity in thermal-based nanomechanical radiation sensors.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2401.16503,
  title  = {High detectivity terahertz radiation sensing using frequency-noise-optimized nanomechanical resonators},
  author = {Chang Zhang and Eeswar K. Yalavarthi and Mathieu Giroux and Wei Cui and Michel Stephan and Ali Maleki and Arnaud Weck and Jean-Michel Ménard and Raphael St-Gelais},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.16503},
  year   = {2024}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T14:30:46.051Z