English

Hamiltonian formalism and path entropy maximization

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability 2016-08-01 v3 Statistical Mechanics

Abstract

Maximization of the path information entropy is a clear prescription for constructing models in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Here it is shown that, following this prescription under the assumption of arbitrary instantaneous constraints on position and velocity, a Lagrangian emerges which determines the most probable trajectory. Deviations from the probability maximum can be consistently described as slices in time by a Hamiltonian, according to a nonlinear Langevin equation and its associated Fokker-Planck equation. The connections unveiled between the maximization of path entropy and the Langevin/Fokker-Planck equations imply that missing information about the phase space coordinate never decreases in time, a purely information-theoretical version of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. All of these results are independent of any physical assumptions, and thus valid for any generalized coordinate as a function of time, or any other parameter. This reinforces the view that the Second Law is a fundamental property of plausible inference.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1404.3249,
  title  = {Hamiltonian formalism and path entropy maximization},
  author = {Sergio Davis and Diego González},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1404.3249},
  year   = {2016}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-22T03:49:12.916Z