English

GazeSummary: Exploring Gaze as an Implicit Prompt for Personalization in Text-based LLM Tasks

Human-Computer Interaction 2026-01-27 v1

Abstract

Smart glasses are accelerating progress toward more seamless and personalized LLM-based assistance by integrating multimodal inputs. Yet, these inputs rely on obtrusive explicit prompts. The advent of gaze tracking on smart devices offers a unique opportunity to extract implicit user intent for personalization. This paper investigates whether LLMs can interpret user gaze for text-based tasks. We evaluate different gaze representations for personalization and validate their effectiveness in realistic reading tasks. Results show that LLMs can leverage gaze to generate high-quality personalized summaries and support users in downstream tasks, highlighting the feasibility and value of gaze-driven personalization for future mobile and wearable LLM applications.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2601.17676,
  title  = {GazeSummary: Exploring Gaze as an Implicit Prompt for Personalization in Text-based LLM Tasks},
  author = {Jiexin Ding and Yizhuo Zhang and Xinyun Liu and Ke chen and Yuntao Wang and Shwetak Patel and Akshay Gadre},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.17676},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T09:18:54.620Z