Formation of $\phi$ mesic nuclei

We study the structure and formation of the $\phi$ mesic nuclei to investigate the in-medium modification of the $\phi$-meson spectral function at finite density. We consider (${\bar p},\phi$), ($\gamma,p$) and ($\pi^-,n$) reactions to produce a $\phi$-meson inside the nucleus and evaluate the effects of its medium modifications to the reaction cross sections. We also estimate the consequences of the uncertainties of the ${\bar K}$ selfenergy in medium to the $\phi$-nucleus interaction. We find that it may be possible to see a peak structure in the reaction spectra for the strong attractive potential cases. On the other hand, for strong absorptive interaction cases with relatively weak attractions, it is very difficult to observe clear peaks and we may need to know the spectrum shape in a wide energy region to deduce the properties of $\phi$.