English

Five tori in $S^4$

Geometric Topology 2025-04-18 v4 Differential Geometry

Abstract

Ivansic proved that there is a link LL of five tori in S4S^4 with hyperbolic complement. We describe LL explicitly with pictures, study its properties, and discover that LL is in many aspects similar to the Borromean rings in S3S^3. In particular the following hold: (1) Any two tori in LL are unlinked, but three are not; (2) The complement M=S4LM = S^4 \setminus L is integral arithmetic hyperbolic; (3) The symmetry group of LL acts kk-transitively on its components for all kk; (4) The double branched covering over LL has geometry H2×H2\mathbb H^2 \times \mathbb H^2; (5) The fundamental group of MM has a nice presentation via commutators; (6) The Alexander ideal has an explicit simple description; (7) Every class xH1(M,Z)=Z5x \in H^1(M,Z) = Z^5 with non-zero xi is represented by a perfect circle-valued Morse function; (8) By longitudinal Dehn surgery along LL we get a closed 4-manifold with fundamental group Z5Z^5; (9) The link LL can be put in perfect position. This leads also to the first descriptions of a cusped hyperbolic 4-manifold as a complement of tori in RP4\mathbb{RP}^4 and as a complement of some explicit Lagrangian tori in the product of two surfaces of genus two.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2401.03460,
  title  = {Five tori in $S^4$},
  author = {Bruno Martelli},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.03460},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

35 pages, 24 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-28T14:10:32.457Z