English

Finite Sample Bounds for Non-Parametric Regression: Optimal Sample Efficiency and Space Complexity

Machine Learning 2026-03-10 v2

Abstract

We address the problem of learning an unknown smooth function and its derivatives from noisy pointwise evaluations under the supremum norm. While classical nonparametric regression provides a strong theoretical foundation, traditional kernel-based estimators often incur high computational costs and memory requirements that scale with the sample size, limiting their utility in real-time applications such as reinforcement learning. To overcome these challenges, we propose a parametric approach based on a finite-dimensional representation that achieves minimax-optimal uniform convergence rates. Our method enables lightweight inference without storing all samples in memory. We provide sharp finite-sample bounds under sub-Gaussian noise, derive second-order Bernstein-type guarantees, and prove matching lower bounds, thereby confirming the optimality of our approach in both estimation error and memory efficiency.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2412.14744,
  title  = {Finite Sample Bounds for Non-Parametric Regression: Optimal Sample Efficiency and Space Complexity},
  author = {Davide Maran and Marcello Restelli},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.14744},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T20:42:03.787Z