English

Finite combinatorics implicit in the basic definitions of topology

Category Theory 2024-10-01 v1 Algebraic Topology

Abstract

We explain how to see finite combinatorics of preorders implicit in the {text} of basic topological definitions or arguments in (Bourbaki, General topology, Ch.I), and define a concise combinatorial notation such that complete definitions of connectedness, compactness, contractibility, having a generic point, subspace, closed subspace, fit into 22 or 44 bytes. This notation is homotopy theoretic in nature, and is based on the following observation: A number of basic properties of continuous maps and topological spaces are defined using a single category-theoretic operation, taking left or right orthogonal complement with respect to the Quillen lifting property, repeatedly applied to a simple example illustrating the definition or its failure. Moreover, for most of these definitions this example can be chosen to be a map of finite topological spaces (=preorders) of size at most 55. This includes the properties of a space being connected, compact, contractible, discrete, having a generic point, and a map having dense image, being the inclusion of an (open or closed) subspace, or of a component into a disjoint union, and others. Our reformulations illustrate the generative power of the lifting property as a means of defining basic mathematical properties starting from their simplest or typical example. The exposition is accessible to a student.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2409.20464,
  title  = {Finite combinatorics implicit in the basic definitions of topology},
  author = {Misha Gavrilovich},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.20464},
  year   = {2024}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T19:02:35.352Z