English

Every non-signalling channel is common-cause realizable

Quantum Physics 2025-08-14 v2

Abstract

In this work we show that the set of non-signalling resources of a locally-tomographic generalised probabilistic theory (GPT), such as quantum and classical theory, coincides with its set of GPT-common-cause realizable resources, where the common causes come from an associated GPT. From a causal perspective, this result provides a reason for, in the study of resource theories of common-cause processes, taking the non-signalling channels as the resources of the enveloping theory. This answers a critical open question in Ref.~\cite{schmid2020postquantum}. An immediate corollary of our result is that every non-signalling assemblage is realizable in a GPT, answering in the affirmative the question posed in Ref.~\cite{cavalcanti2022post}.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2307.03489,
  title  = {Every non-signalling channel is common-cause realizable},
  author = {Paulo J. Cavalcanti and John H. Selby and Ana Belén Sainz},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.03489},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

18 pages, loads of digrams. Comments welcome

R2 v1 2026-06-28T11:24:25.555Z