Extended Lyα emission is commonly observed around star-forming galaxies, opening a window for probing the neutral hydrogen gas in the circumgalactic medium (CGM). In this paper, we develop a prescription of spherically symmetric CGM gas properties and build emulators to model circularly-averaged surface brightness (SB) profiles of the extended Lyα emission. With CGM gas properties parametrized by the density, velocity, and temperature profiles, a self-shielding calculation is carried out to obtain the neutral gas distribution with ionizing photons from the ultraviolet (UV) background and star formation in the galaxy. Our calculation reveals three types of systems with distinct neutral gas distribution: non-shielded systems with the CGM being highly ionized across all radii, shielded systems with a neutral gas shell shielding the UV background, and transitional systems in between. Lyα SB profiles are obtained through Lyα radiative transfer (RT) simulations, performed for the CGM models with three kinds of Lyα sources: the star formation from central and satellite galaxies, and the recombination in the CGM. We build emulators to efficiently predict Lyα SB profiles for given model parameters and Lyα sources, based on Gaussian process regression. After being trained with only 180 RT simulations for each Lyα source, the emulators reach an overall accuracy at the level of ∼20 per cent. By applying the emulators to fit mock Lyα SB profiles constructed from our model, we find a reasonable recovery of model parameters, indicating the potential of extracting physical information of the CGM and galaxies from the observed extended Lyα emission.
@article{arxiv.2508.10095,
title = {Emulating extended Lyman-alpha haloes around star-forming galaxies},
author = {Pengfei Li and Zheng Zheng},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.10095},
year = {2025}
}