English

Curves on the torus with few intersections

Combinatorics 2026-01-09 v4 Geometric Topology

Abstract

Aougab and Gaster [Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 174 (2023), 569-584] proved that any set of simple closed curves on the torus, where any two are non-homotopic and intersect at most k times, has a maximum size of k+O(klogk)k+O(\sqrt{k}\log k). We determine the maximum size of such a set for every k. In particular, the maximum never exceeds k+6, and it does not exceed k+4 when k is large. As this quantity coincides with the maximal number of columns of a generic k-modular matrix with two rows, our result also settles the column number problem, a problem of interest in combinatorial optimization, for such matrices.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2412.18002,
  title  = {Curves on the torus with few intersections},
  author = {Igor Balla and Marek Filakovský and Bartłomiej Kielak and Daniel Kráľ and Niklas Schlomberg},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.18002},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

Version 2 was a major update of the original version - we determined the maximum exactly for all k (instead of for sufficiently large k as in the original version). Version 4 added a discussion on the column number problem

R2 v1 2026-06-28T20:47:28.080Z