English

Cosmologically Coupled Black Holes with Regular Horizons

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2026-03-27 v2

Abstract

We present the most general and exact solution of Einstein's gravity sourced by an anisotropic fluid describing the cosmological embedding (CE) of a static and spherically-symmetric object, including black holes (BHs) or exotic compact objects, without radial energy influx and in an arbitrary Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmology. This is done fully considering backreaction of the local geometry on the cosmological dynamics. Our solution is free of curvature singularities at the would-be BH event horizon, thus solving a main issue of the CE of BH solutions proposed so far. As a byproduct, we derive a new CE of the Schwarzschild BH - distinct from McVitties's original proposal - that is regular everywhere except at the central singularity.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2601.03296,
  title  = {Cosmologically Coupled Black Holes with Regular Horizons},
  author = {Mariano Cadoni and Leonardo de Lima and Mirko Pitzalis and Davi C. Rodrigues and Andrea P. Sanna},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.03296},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

v2. Improved clarity, added references and new appendix. Version accepted in prd

R2 v1 2026-07-22T20:52:27.217Z