Complexity of the list homomorphism problem in hereditary graph classes
Abstract
A homomorphism from a graph to a graph is an edge-preserving mapping from to . For a fixed graph , in the list homomorphism problem, denoted by LHom(), we are given a graph , whose every vertex is equipped with a list . We ask if there exists a homomorphism from to , in which for every . Feder, Hell, and Huang [JGT~2003] proved that LHom() is polynomial time-solvable if is a bi-arc-graph, and NP-complete otherwise. We are interested in the complexity of the LHom() problem in graphs excluding a copy of some fixed graph as an induced subgraph. It is known that if is connected and is not a path nor a subdivided claw, then for every non-bi-arc graph the LHom() problem is NP-complete and cannot be solved in subexponential time, unless the ETH fails. We consider the remaining cases for connected graphs . If is a path, we exhibit a full dichotomy. We define a class called predacious graphs and show that if is not predacious, then for every fixed the LHom() problem can be solved in quasi-polynomial time in -free graphs. On the other hand, if is predacious, then there exists , such that LHom() cannot be solved in subexponential time in -free graphs. If is a subdivided claw, we show a full dichotomy in two important cases: for being irreflexive (i.e., with no loops), and for being reflexive (i.e., where every vertex has a loop). Unless the ETH fails, for irreflexive the LHom() problem can be solved in subexponential time in graphs excluding a fixed subdivided claw if and only if is non-predacious and triangle-free. If is reflexive, then LHom() cannot be solved in subexponential time whenever is not a bi-arc graph.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2010.03393,
title = {Complexity of the list homomorphism problem in hereditary graph classes},
author = {Karolina Okrasa and Paweł Rzążewski},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.03393},
year = {2022}
}