English

Complements of Schubert polynomials

Combinatorics 2024-03-19 v2

Abstract

Let Sw(x)\mathfrak{S}_w(x) be the Schubert polynomial for a permutation ww of {1,2,,n}\{1,2,\ldots,n\}. For any given composition μ\mu, we say that xμSw(x1)x^\mu \mathfrak{S}_w(x^{-1}) is the complement of Sw(x)\mathfrak{S}_w(x) with respect to μ\mu. When each part of μ\mu is equal to n1n-1, Huh, Matherne, M\'esz\'aros and St.\,Dizier proved that the normalization of xμSw(x1)x^\mu \mathfrak{S}_w(x^{-1}) is a Lorentzian polynomial. They further conjectured that the normalization of Sw(x)\mathfrak{S}_w(x) is Lorentzian. It can be shown that if there exists a composition μ\mu such that xμSw(x1)x^\mu \mathfrak{S}_w(x^{-1}) is a Schubert polynomial, then the normalization of Sw(x)\mathfrak{S}_w(x) will be Lorentzian. This motivates us to investigate the problem of when xμSw(x1)x^\mu \mathfrak{S}_w(x^{-1}) is a Schubert polynomial. We show that if xμSw(x1)x^\mu \mathfrak{S}_w(x^{-1}) is a Schubert polynomial, then μ\mu must be a partition. We also consider the case when μ\mu is the staircase partition δn=(n1,,1,0)\delta_n=(n-1,\ldots, 1,0), and obtain that xδnSw(x1)x^{\delta_n} \mathfrak{S}_w(x^{-1}) is a Schubert polynomial if and only if ww avoids the patterns 132 and 312. A conjectured characterization of when xμSw(x1)x^\mu \mathfrak{S}_w(x^{-1}) is a Schubert polynomial is proposed.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2001.03922,
  title  = {Complements of Schubert polynomials},
  author = {Neil J. Y. Fan and Peter L. Guo and Nicolas Y. Liu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2001.03922},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

14 pages, 8 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-23T13:08:58.331Z