English

Coexistence of continuous-variable quantum key distribution and classical data over 120-km fiber

Quantum Physics 2025-09-09 v2

Abstract

Integrating quantum key distribution (QKD) with classical data transmission over the same fiber is crucial for scalable quantum-secured communication. However, noise from classical channels limits QKD distance. We demonstrate the longest-distance continuous-variable QKD (CV-QKD) over 120 km (20 dB loss) in the asymptotic regime, and over 100 km (17 dB loss) in the finite-size regime, both coexisting with a fully populated coarse wavelength division multiplexing system. Natural mode filtering of the local oscillator and phase noise mitigation enabled this without additional filtering or wavelength reallocation. Benchmarking against a commercial discrete-variable QKD system and considering finite-size effects confirms the feasibility of CV-QKD as a plug-and-play solution for typical 80-100 km long-haul optical networks. Our results set a record fiber distance for CV-QKD, showing its potential for cost-effective, large-scale deployment in existing network infrastructure.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2502.17388,
  title  = {Coexistence of continuous-variable quantum key distribution and classical data over 120-km fiber},
  author = {Adnan A. E. Hajomer and Ivan Derkach and Vladyslav C. Usenko and Ulrik L. Andersen and Tobias Gehring},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.17388},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T21:55:53.464Z