English

Bounded ultraimaginary independence and its total Morley sequences

Logic 2024-05-01 v1

Abstract

We investigate the following model-theoretic independence relation: \def\indbu{{\rlap{\hspace11.9mu\vert}\lower7.5mu\smile}^{\!\mathrm{bu}}} b \indbu_A\hspace3mu c if and only if bddu(Ab)bddu(Ac)=bddu(A)\mathrm{bdd}^u(Ab)\cap \mathrm{bdd}^u(Ac) = \mathrm{bdd}^u(A), where bddu(X)\mathrm{bdd}^u(X) is the class of all ultraimaginaries bounded over XX. In particular, we sharpen a result of Wagner to show that b \indbu_A\hspace3mu c if and only if Autf(M/Ab)Autf(M/Ac)=Autf(M/A)\langle \mathrm{Autf}(\mathbb{M}/Ab)\cup\mathrm{Autf}(\mathbb{M}/Ac) \rangle = \mathrm{Autf}(\mathbb{M}/A), and we establish full existence over hyperimaginary parameters (i.e., for any set of hyperimaginaries AA and ultraimaginaries bb and cc, there is a bAbb' \equiv_A b such that b' \indbu_A\hspace3mu c). Extension then follows as an immediate corollary. We also study total \hspace-5mu\indbu-Morley sequences (i.e., AA-indiscernible sequences II satisfying J \indbu_A\hspace3mu K for any JJ and KK with J+KAEMIJ + K \equiv^{\mathrm{EM}}_A I), and we prove that an AA-indiscernible sequence II is a total \hspace-5mu\indbu-Morley sequence over AA if and only if whenever II and II' have the same Lascar strong type over AA, II and II' are related by the transitive, symmetric closure of the relation 'J+KJ+K is AA-indiscernible.' This is also equivalent to II being 'based on' AA in a sense defined by Shelah in his early study of simple unstable theories. Finally, we show that for any AA and bb in any theory TT, if there is an Erd\"os cardinal κ(α)\kappa(\alpha) with Ab+T<κ(α)|Ab|+|T| < \kappa(\alpha), then there is a total \hspace-5mu\indbu-Morley sequence (bi)i<ω(b_i)_{i<\omega} over AA with b0=bb_0 = b.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2201.03631,
  title  = {Bounded ultraimaginary independence and its total Morley sequences},
  author = {James Hanson},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.03631},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

22 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-24T08:45:38.445Z