In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, the channel estimation scheme is subject to the spatial non-stationarity and inevitably power leakage in the beam domain. In this paper, a beam domain channel estimation scheme is investigated for spatial non-stationary (SNS) massive MIMO systems considering power leakage. %a novel beam domain channel estimation scheme is proposed for spatial non-stationary (SNS) massive MIMO systems. Specifically, a realistic massive MIMO beam domain channel model (BDCM) is introduced to capture the spatial non-stationarity considering power leakage by introducing the illustration of visibility region (VR). Then, a beam domain structure-based sparsity adaptive matching pursuit (BDS-SAMP) scheme is proposed based on the cross-block sparse structure and power ratio threshold of beam domain channel. Finally, the simulation results validate the accuracy of proposed BDS-SAMP scheme with low pilot overhead and reasonable complexity by comparing with conventional schemes.
@article{arxiv.2501.04242,
title = {Beam Domain Channel Estimation for Spatial Non-Stationary Massive MIMO Systems},
author = {Lin Hou and Hengtai Chang and Cheng-Xiang Wang and Jie Huang and Songjiang Yang},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.04242},
year = {2025}
}