English

A robot that unknots knots

Geometric Topology 2025-11-21 v2 Combinatorics

Abstract

Consider a robot that remembers only the starting position and walks along a knot once on a knot diagram, switching every undercrossing it meets until it returns to the starting position. We observe that the robot produces an ascending diagram, and we provide a new combinatorial proof that every ascending or descending knot diagram can be transformed into the zero-crossing unknot diagram. Using the machinery developed from the combinatorial proof, we show that the minimal number of Reidemeister moves required for such a transformation is bounded above by (7C+1)C if the diagram has C crossings. Moreover, we provide a new alternative proof that there exist sequences of Reidemeister moves that do not increase the number of crossings and transform ascending or descending knot diagrams into zero-crossing unknot diagrams.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2504.01254,
  title  = {A robot that unknots knots},
  author = {Connie On Yu Hui and Dionne Ibarra and Louis H. Kauffman and Emma N. McQuire and Gabriel Montoya-Vega and Sujoy Mukherjee and Corbin Reid},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.01254},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

31 pages, 27 figures, V2: Improved abstract and introduction, minor changes made based on the reviewer's comments

R2 v1 2026-06-28T22:43:09.792Z