English

A precise definition of the Standard Model

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology 2016-06-27 v2

Abstract

We declare that we are living in the quantum 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time with the force-fields gauge-group structure SUc(3)×SUL(2)×U(1)×SUf(3)SU_c(3) \times SU_L(2) \times U(1) \times SU_f(3) built-in from the very beginning. From this overall background, we see the lepton world, which has the symmetry characterized by SUL(2)×U(1)×SUf(3)SU_L(2) \times U(1) \times SU_f(3) - the lepton world is also called "the atomic world". From the overall background, we also see the quark world, which experiences the well-known (123)(123) symmetry, i.e., SUc(3)×SUL((2)×U(1)SU_c(3) \times SU_L((2) \times U(1). The quark world is also called "the nuclear world". The 3K3^\circ\,K cosmic microwave background (CMB) in our Universe provides the evidence of that "the force-fields gauge-group structure was built-in from the very beginning". The CMB is almost uniform, to the level of one part in 10510^5, reflecting the massless of the photons. The lepton world is dimensionless in the 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time. That is, all couplings are dimensionless. The quark world is also dimensionless in the 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time. Apart from the "ignition" term, the gauge and Higgs sector, i.e., the overall background, is also dimensionless. Thus, apart the "ignition" term, our world as a whole is dimensionless in the 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time - that is, it is the characteristic of the quantum 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1409.6077,
  title  = {A precise definition of the Standard Model},
  author = {W-Y. Pauchy Hwang},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.6077},
  year   = {2016}
}

Comments

1 figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1301.6464

R2 v1 2026-06-22T06:02:03.616Z