A Breathing Universe is Consistent
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
2026-05-14 v2
Abstract
We consider a toy FRW universe with the exotic topology . We show that for a specific choice of quantum field content, the semi-classical Friedman equations are consistent with temporal periodicity as required by the timelike factor. A straightforward consequence is that entropy reversals occur during each cycle, consistent with Hawking's proposed connection between the thermodynamic and cosmological arrows of time.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2507.06385,
title = {A Breathing Universe is Consistent},
author = {Samuel Blitz},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.06385},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
7 pages, 1 figure, updated to reflect journal version 2026 Class. Quantum Grav