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We consider level lines of Gaussian free field (GFF) in annulus with alternating boundary conditions. We calculate the probability that all level lines cross the annulus. Such probability is given by the ratio between two partition…

Gamma-ray imaging with Compton cameras is computationally demanding because conventional reconstruction retains the list-mode acquisition inside the inversion loop: event-dependent cone/voxel interactions must be recomputed as the event…

Scalable collection of dexterous manipulation demonstrations remains a major bottleneck for robot learning. High-fidelity interfaces often require costly hardware and extensive setup, while low-setup, low cost alternatives tend to provide…

Large Language Models (LLMs) explore problems through chain-of-thought, but this exploration is buried in unstructured prose. On high-stakes tasks, users cannot tell which steps are well-supported, which alternatives were seriously…

Flow-matching Vision-Language-Action (VLA) policies have shown strong potential for robotic manipulation but often suffer from compounding errors caused by distribution shifts during deployment. While offline reinforcement learning (RL)…

We establish a dimension-efficient neural network approximation theory for solutions to fractional parabolic equations with lower-order drift and potential terms. By introducing anisotropic spectral Barron spaces, which measure temporal and…

In a blogpost in 2009, Gowers raised a possible approach to Littlewood's conjecture in Diophantine approximation, leading to a question about the existence of sufficiently many points in the unit cube such that "hyperbolic distance" between…

Large chest radiography archives are difficult to search because most studies are paired only with free-text reports rather than structured clinical annotations. Vision-language models offer a natural interface for text-to-image retrieval,…

Cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) combined with integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising architecture for future 6G networks, enabling new sensing-based applications. However, integrating sensing functionality increases…

The quantum-selected configuration interaction identifies important determinantal basis functions through real-time evolution of a reference wavefunction and diagonalizing the Hamiltonian matrix in the resulting selected subspace. However,…

This paper presents CHARGE, an automated framework for generating security properties for unverified RTL modules using CWEs and large language models (LLMs). The hallmark is a reasoning process that leverages the hierarchical nature of CWE…

Generative models synthesize magnitude spectra with high fidelity, while phase is delegated to a recovery module---Griffin--Lim, a vocoder, or a latent decoder---applied independently to each channel. For multi-channel waveforms this…

Finite logarithms of non-zero rational numbers can be defined in the "poor man's ad\`{e}le ring" ${\mathcal A}$ by Fermat quotients modulo sufficiently large primes. This ring contains $\mathbb{Q}$ and outside trivial cases, Matsusaka and…

LLM agents increasingly rely on long-term memory to support multi-session interaction and personalization. However, existing agent memory systems are designed around forward-only evolution, continuously accumulating, consolidating, and…

The eROSITA telescope array on board the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) mission began its all-sky survey program in December 2019, scanning the sky at an approximately six-month cadence. Here, we present new catalogues of point-like and…

Hybrid systems based on magnons in ferromagnetic materials, such as yttrium iron garnet, have achieved remarkable development in the last decade. These include the coupling of magnons to microwave and optical photons, superconducting…

A single reinforcement-learning run can produce a strong reasoner yet an incomplete teacher: it often amplifies only a subset of the valid solution modes. We argue that reinforcement learning (RL)-trained policies should therefore be viewed…

Kagome metals host competing electronic orders, including charge-density-wave (CDW) order and superconductivity, shaped by intertwined lattice, electronic-correlation, and kagome-geometric effects. Here, using quantum electrodynamical…

Existing singing voice synthesis systems often require predefined durations, explicit duration prediction, or time-aligned acoustic guidance, which limits their compatibility with practical composition workflows. We propose VocalRender, a…

Graph neural networks (GNNs) can operate on large graphs but become infrastructure-sensitive at the scale of millions of nodes and typically require scalable training techniques for even larger graphs. This raises a central question: when…