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We present predictions for the relation between the halo gas mass fraction and halo mass, $f_{\rm gas}^{200}-M_{200}$, from the COLIBRE cosmological simulations of galaxy formation, and explore how the gas content of haloes is influenced by…
We point out that observations of cosmic birefringence may provide direct experimental tests of Swampland conjectures. Ultralight scalar field birefringence mechanisms are constrained by Weak Gravity Conjecture, limiting their parameter…
Tracking S-star cluster orbits around Sgr A* calibrates orbital transport models for space-borne gravitational wave detectors. Standard kinetic theories model this cluster via local Fokker-Planck equations, which predict that general…
Ultra-faint dwarf galaxies are critical testing grounds for probing the limits of galaxy formation in the cold dark matter (CDM) paradigm. Employing a semi-analytic cosmological satellite generator that captures the expected CDM halo…
A striking empirical observation about the CKM matrix is that the angles of the unitarity triangle $(\alpha, \beta, \gamma)$ are very close to $(\pi/2, \pi/8, 3 \pi/8) $, simple fractions of $\pi$ that are suggestive of an underlying theory…
We explore the cosmological implications of combining dark dimension scenarios with an axiverse. If gauge sectors are realized on branes, towers of Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitations of closed string axions can propagate through the dark…
Precision experiments increasingly target weakly coupled waves, including axion dark matter and gravitational radiation. Such waves are commonly described as classical fields, yet they could exist in quantum states with no classical…
Dark matter that self interacts through long-range forces exhibits coherent, collective effects that are absent in short-range interactions. In the case where dark matter interacts through a hidden-photon mediator, its dynamics closely…
We investigate the relationship between instrumental requirements and the scientific performance of the Einstein Telescope (ET), a third-generation (3G) gravitational-wave (GW) observatory. Different technical design choices result in…
Context: AI-assisted software development can speed up coding and review, but it also makes accountability harder to establish. Developers may submit insufficiently verified code, reviewers may approve changes with limited inspection, and…
AI-Integrated agents increasingly acquire capability from skills: prose procedure files loaded into a model's context and run by a tool-calling loop. A skill is described to the runtime but never encoded in it, so the model re-derives its…
We introduce ZUNA1.1, a 380M-parameter diffusion autoencoder for flexible EEG signal reconstruction. ZUNA1.1 is capable of reconstructing variable length sequences of up to 30s, with an arbitrary number of EEG channels at arbitrary scalp…
A search for heavy Majorana neutrinos coupling to third-generation leptons in vector boson scattering at the LHC is presented. The search is performed in the final state with a same-sign $\tau\tau$, $e\tau$ or $\mu\tau$ pair using data of…
Orbital currents offer charge-to-spin conversion beyond the efficiency limit of conventional heavy-metal Spin Hall sources. However, harnessing them has so far required either thick orbital-Hall materials or additional heavy-metal…
We derive and analyze a mean-field theory of the chiral Ising model recently introduced by Wang, Pietzonka, and J\"ulicher in "Edge Currents Shape Condensates in Chiral Active Matter", arXiv:2603.20064. Starting from the master equation for…
Medical vision-language models (VLMs) generate chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning before answering clinical questions, but whether this reasoning causally influences predictions remains unclear. We present CoT-Mediate, a behavioral framework…
Temporal heterogeneous graphs offer a natural abstraction for dynamic relational systems in which diverse node and relation types co-exist and evolve over time. Learning on such graphs requires jointly modeling cross-type structural…
Autonomous systems are increasingly deployed in safety- and mission-critical domains where humans and robots must operate as a team to complete complex tasks. Existing requirements for Human-Robot teamwork remain fragmented across disparate…
Isotonic regression is a canonical tool for estimating monotone functions and calibrating probabilistic predictors. We provide a fully sharp finite-sample characterization of its worst-case degrees of freedom on binary samples.…
We study the general form of meromorphic amplitudes that are compatible with unitarity, analyticity, crossing symmetry, polynomial boundedness and the hidden-zero and corresponding splitting conditions. These amplitudes are…