Related papers: The Discrete Painlev\'e I Hierarchy

We extend two of the methods previously introduced to find discrete symmetries of differential equations to the case of difference and differential-difference equations. As an example of the application of the methods, we construct the…

The `restoration method' is a novel method we recently introduced for systematically deriving discrete Painlev\'e equations. In this method we start from a given Painlev\'e equation, typically with E$_8^{(1)}$ symmetry, obtain its…

We study 2D discrete integrable equations of order 1 with respect to one independent variable and $m$ with respect to another one. A generalization of the multidimensional consistency property is proposed for this type of equations. The…

This paper concerns the discrete version of the Painlev\'e identification problem, i.e., how to recognize a certain recurrence relation as a discrete Painlev\'e equation. Often some clues can be seen from the setting of the problem, e.g.,…

The Painlev\'e classification is one of the central problems in analytics theory of differential equations rooted in the XIX century. Although it saw many significant advances in analyzing certain classes of equations, the classification…

We consider the symmetric gap probability distributions of certain Freud unitary ensembles. This problem is related to the Hankel determinants generated by the Freud weights supported on the complement of a symmetric interval. By using Chen…

In the first part of our paper we discuss linear 2nd order differential equations in the complex domain, especially Heun class equations, that is, the Heun equation and its confluent cases. The second part of our paper is devoted to…

The notions of equivalence and strict equivalence for order one differential equations are introduced. The more explicit notion of strict equivalence is applied to examples and questions concerning autonomous equations and equations having…

In literature, it is known that any solution of Painlev\'{e} VI equation governs the isomonodromic deformation of a second order linear Fuchsian ODE on $\mathbb{CP}^{1}$. In this paper, we extend this isomonodromy theory on…

Higher dimensional analogs of the Painlev\'e equations have been proposed from various aspects. In recent studies, 4-dimensional analogs of the Painlev\'e equations were classified into 40 types. The aim of the present paper is to…

The integrability of a four-dimensional sixth-order bilinear equation associated with the exceptional affine Lie algebra $D_4^{(1)}$ is studied by means of the singularity analysis. This equation is shown to pass the Painlev\'{e} test in…

In this paper, we give a systematic construction of ten isomonodromic families of connections of rank two on $\mathbb{P}^1$ inducing Painlev\'e equations. The classification of ten families is given by considering the Riemann-Hilbert…

In this paper, we study special solutions of five autonomous integrable partial difference equations (P$\Delta$Es). More precisely, we show that these P$\Delta$Es admit special solutions that are described by non-autonomous ordinary…

The Lie point symmetries of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that are candidates for having the Painlev\'e property are explored for ODEs of order $n =2, \dots ,5$. Among the 6 ODEs identifying the Painlev\'e transcendents only…

In this paper we study the Hamiltonian structure of the second Painleve hierarchy, an infinite sequence of nonlinear ordinary differential equations containing PII as its simplest equation. The n-th element of the hierarchy is a non linear…

We express discrete Painlev\'e equations as discrete Hamiltonian systems. The discrete Hamiltonian systems here mean the canonical transformations defined by generating functions. Our construction relies on the classification of the…

It is well-known that differential Painlev\'e equations can be written in a Hamiltonian form. However, a coordinate form of such representation is far from unique -- there are many very different Hamiltonians that result in the same…

A Riemann-Hilbert problem for a $q$-difference Painlev\'e equation, known as $q\textrm{P}_{\textrm{IV}}$, is shown to be solvable. This yields a bijective correspondence between the transcendental solutions of $q\textrm{P}_{\textrm{IV}}$…

We examine whether the Painleve property is necessary for the integrability of partial differential equations (PDEs). We show that in analogy to what happens in the case of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) there exists a class of…

In this work, we propose a new approach called ``stationary reduction method based on nonisospectral deformation of orthogonal polynomials" for deriving discrete Painlev\'{e}-type (d-P-type) equations. We apply this approach to…