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We give 4 formulations of the Modified KP hierarchy and show that they are equivalent. We also discuss the reductions of the MKP hierarchy to the modified $n$-KdV hierarchies. As a byproduct, we find an astonishingly simple explicit…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-05-10 Victor Kac , Johan van de Leur

A method is proposed to construct a new extended KP hierarchy, which includes two types of KP equation with self-consistent sources and admits reductions to k-constrained KP hierarchy and to Gelfand-Dickey hierarchy with sources. It…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2008-09-04 Xiaojun Liu , Yunbo Zeng , Runliang Lin

An extension of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) hierarchy defined via scalar pseudo-differential operators was studied in [16, 20]. In this paper, we represent the extended KP hierarchy into the form of bilinear equation of (adjoint)…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2021-08-06 Jiaping Lu , Chao-Zhong Wu

The $p\times p$ matrix version of the $r$-KdV hierarchy has been recently treated as the reduced system arising in a Drinfeld-Sokolov type Hamiltonian symmetry reduction applied to a Poisson submanifold in the dual of the Lie algebra…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Laszlo Feher , Ian Marshall

Based on the analytic property of the symmetric $q$-exponent $e_q(x)$, a new symmetric $q$-deformed Kadomtsev-Petviashvili ($q$-KP) hierarchy associated with the symmetric $q$-derivative operator $\partial_q$ is constructed. Furthermore,…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2014-03-04 Kelei Tian , Jingsong He , Yucai Su

We define the $k$-cut complex of a graph $G$ with vertex set $V(G)$ to be the simplicial complex whose facets are the complements of sets of size $k$ in $V(G)$ inducing disconnected subgraphs of $G$. This generalizes the Alexander dual of a…

Constrained KP and super-KP hierarchies of integrable equations (generalized NLS hierarchies) are systematically produced through a Lie algebraic AKS-matrix framework associated to the homogeneous grading. The role played by different…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Francesco Toppan

We interpret the recently suggested extended discrete KP (Toda lattice) hierarchy from a geometrical point of view. We show that the latter corresponds to the union of invariant submanifolds $S_0^n$ of the system which is a chain of…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 A. K. Svinin

In this paper, we investigate the $(k, m)$-constrained 1st modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (mKP) hierarchy $(L^k)_{\leq 0}= \sum_{i=1}^m q_i \partial^{-1} r_i \partial$. Here, we obtain the corresponding solutions in the form of generalized…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2026-05-26 Jiayi Zhang , Jipeng Cheng , Wenchuang Guan

An analogue of the KP hierarchy, the SDiff(2) KP hierarchy, related to the group of area-preserving diffeomorphisms on a cylinder is proposed. An improved Lax formalism of the KP hierarchy is shown to give a prototype of this new hierarchy.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 Kanehisa Takasaki , Takashi Takebe

The gauge equivalence between basic KP hierarchies is discussed. The first two Hamiltonian structures for KP hierarchies leading to the linear and non-linear $\Winf$ algebras are derived. The realization of the corresponding generators in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-02-03 H. Aratyn , L. A. Ferreira , J. F. Gomes , A. H. Zimerman

The classical (vertex) metric dimension of a graph G is defined as the cardinality of a smallest set S in V (G) such that any two vertices x and y from G have different distances to least one vertex from S: The k-metric dimension is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Iztok Peterina , Jelena Sedlar , Riste Škrekovski , Ismael G. Yero

Following the techniques of M. Sato (see \cite{Sa}), a generalization of the KP hierarchy for more than one variable is proposed. An approach to the classification of solutions and a method to construct algebraic solutions is also offered.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-08-15 Francisco J. Plaza Martín

We construct a new multi-component CKP hierarchy based on the eigenfunction symmetry reduction. It contains two types of CKP equation with self-consistent sources which Lax representations are presented. Also it admits reductions to…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2007-10-29 Hongxia Wu , Xiaojun Liu , Yunbo Zeng

Trigonometric non-isospectral flows are defined for KP hierarchy. It is demonstrated that symmetry constraints of KP hierarchy associated with these flows give rise to trigonometric Calogero-Moser system.

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 L. V. Bogdanov , B. G. Konopelchenko , A. Yu. Orlov

We propose a consistently algebraic formulation of the extended KP (supersymmetric) integrable -hierarchy systems. We exploit the results already established in [14] and which consist in a framework suspected to unify in a fascinating way…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-01-30 B. Maroufi , M. Nazah , M. B. Sedra

We review and slightly improve the known k-polysymplectic Marsden--Weinstein reduction theory by removing some technical conditions on k-polysymplectic momentum maps by developing a theory of affine Lie group actions for k-polysymplectic…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-06-21 J. de Lucas , X. Rivas , S. Vilariño , B. M. Zawora

We review the integration of the KP hierarchy in several non-standard contexts. Specifically, we consider KP in the following associative differential algebras: an algebra equipped with a nilpotent derivation; an algebra of functions…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2022-09-23 Jean-Pierre Magnot , Enrique G. Reyes , Vladimir Rubtsov

In this paper, we first review one of difficult parts of the proof of Witten's conjecture by Kontsevich that had not been emphasized before. In the derivation of the KdV equations, we review the boson-fermion correspondence method \cite{K}…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-05-28 Da Xu , Palle Jorgensen

There are well-known constructions of integrable systems which are chains of infinitely many copies of the equations of the KP hierarchy ``glued'' together with some additional variables, e.g., the modified KP hierarchy. Another…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 L. A. Dickey