Related papers: Polarization state of a biphoton: quantum ternary …
Multi-photon and coherent states of light are formulated in terms of a reducible representation of canonical commutation relations. Standard properties of such states are recovered as certain limiting cases. The new formalism leads to field…
Quantum polarization is investigated by means of a trajectory picture based on the Bohmian formulation of quantum mechanics. Relevant examples of classical-like two-mode field states are thus examined, namely Glauber and SU(2) coherent…
The degree of polarization of a quantum state can be defined as its Hilbert-Schmidt distance to the set of unpolarized states. We demonstrate that the states optimizing this degree for a fixed average number of photons $\bar{N}$ present a…
We analyze the strength of polarization correlations between two light beams that can be achieved in the semiclassical regime using statistical mixtures of coherent states and binary on/off detectors. Under certain symmetry assumptions, the…
The quantum Zeno effect reveals that the continuous observation of a quantum system can result in significant alterations to its evolution. Here, we present a method for establishing polarization entanglement between two initially…
It is well known that state transformation from one polarization state to another can be achieved with a minimal gadget consisting of two quarter waveplates. A constructive, geometric approach is presented, which provides a direct…
A photon of momentum k can have only two polarization states, not three. Equivalently, one can say that the magnetic vector potential A must be divergence free in the Coulomb gauge. These facts are normally taken into account in QED by…
We theoretically investigate the production of polarization-entangled photons through the biexciton cascade decay in a single semiconductor quantum dot. In the intermediate state the entanglement is encoded in the polarizations of the first…
We propose a new method for generating photon pairs from coherent light using polarization-dependent two-photon absorption. We study the photon statistics of two orthogonally polarized modes by solving a master equation, and show that when…
The emission of the hard photon by the initial state is considered. The nucleon polarization and the differential cross sections for some experimental conditions have been calculated. The case of the emission of the collinear (with respect…
An experimental scheme for preparing a polarization entangled W states from four photons emitted by parametric down-conversion is proposed. We consider two different configurations and a method of improving the yield by using single photon…
Using a linear optical elements and post-selection, we construct an entangled polarization state of three photons in the same spatial mode. This state is analogous to a ``photon-number path entangled state'' and can be used for…
Polarization correlation in a linear basis, but not entanglement, is observed between the biexciton and single-exciton photons emitted by a single InAs quantum dot in a two-photon cascade. The results are well described quantitatively by a…
Entangled photons can be generated "on demand" in a novel scheme involving unitary time reordering of the photons emitted in a radiative decay cascade. The scheme yields polarization entangled photon pairs, even though prior to reordering…
We present the first observation of two-photon polarization interference structure in the second-order Glauber's correlation function of two-photon light generated via type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion. In order to obtain this…
We have generated a new type of biphoton state by cavity-enhanced down-conversion in a type-II phase-matched, periodically-poled KTiOPO_4 (PPKTP) crystal. By introducing a weak intracavity birefringence, the polarization-entangled output…
A scheme to distinguish entangled two-photon-polarization states (ETP) from two independent entangled one-photon-polarization states (EOP) is proposed. Using this scheme, the experimental generation of ETP by parametric down-conversion is…
Quantum mechanics of photons is derived from the theory of representations of the Poincar\'e group developed by Wigner. This theory places helicity as the most fundamental property; angular momentum and polarization are secondary…
We present a complete polarization characterization of any quantum state of two orthogonal polarization modes, and give a systematic measurement procedure to collect the necessary data. Full characterization requires measurements of the…
We propose two schemes to generate four-photon polarization-entangled states from the second-order emission of the spontaneous parametric down-conversion process. By using linear optical elements and the coincidence-detection, the four…