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One of the most difficult problems in quantum mechanics is the analysis of the measurement processes. In this paper, we point out that many of these difficulties originate from the different roles of measurement outcomes and observable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-08 Taiki Nii , Masataka Iinuma , Holger F. Hofmann

I discuss some of the main interpretations given to explain the indeterministic nature of quantum measurements and show that all has some loopholes in one corner or another. I propose an alternative interpretation based on the notion of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-30 M. B. Altaie

In this mainly pedagogical article, we discuss under what circumstances measurements play a special role in quantum processes. In particular we discuss the following facts which appear to be a common area of confusion: i) from a fundamental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-14 Benjamin Cruikshank , Kurt Jacobs

One of the most remarkable features of quantum physics is that attributes of quantum objects, such as the wave-like and particle-like behaviors of single photons, can be complementary in the sense that they are equally real but cannot be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-05 Shan Huang , Wen-Bo Liu , Yundu Zhao , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen , Shengjun Wu

The role of the Uncertainty Principle is examined through the examples of squeezing, information capacity, and position monitoring. It is suggested that more attention should be directed to conceptual considerations in quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Horace P. Yuen

The problem considered is how to map the concepts of Quantum Theory (QT) to elements of a psychological experiment. The QT concepts are "measurement," "state," and "observable". The elements of a psychological experiment are trial,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2014-05-30 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

The notion of weak measurement provides a formalism for extracting information from a quantum system in the limit of vanishing disturbance to its state. Here we extend this formalism to the measurement of sequences of observables. When…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Graeme Mitchison , Richard Jozsa , Sandu Popescu

We give a bound to the precision in the estimation of a parameter in terms of the expectation value of an observable. It is an extension of the Cramer-Rao inequality and of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation, where the estimation precision…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-11 Vittorio Giovannetti , Seth Lloyd , Lorenzo Maccone

The quantification of the quantumness of a quantum ensemble has theoretical and practical significance in quantum information theory. We propose herein a class of measures of the quantumness of quantum ensembles using the unitary similarity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-28 Xianfei Qi , Ting Gao , Fengli Yan

A correlation measure relating to measured and unmeasured local quantities in quantum mechanics is introduced, and is then applied to assess the locality implications for Bell/CHSH and similar set-ups. This leads to some interesting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-20 Oliver Cohen

The concept of coherence is one of cornerstones in physics. The development of quantum information science has lead to renewed interest in properly approaching the coherence at the quantum level. Various measures could be proposed to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-06 Alexey E. Rastegin

Quantum gravity is an important and to great extent unsolved problem. There are many different approaches to the quantization of the metric field, both perturbative and non-perturbative. The current situation in the perturbative quantum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-04-24 Ilya L. Shapiro

We give a review of concepts related to connection of classical and quantum theories, from the phase space perspective. Quantum theory is described by non-commutative operators of coordinates and momenta, results in values having a certain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Miloš D. Davidović , Ljubica D. Davidović , Milena D. Davidović

These pedagogical notes are dedicated to a derivation of the Unruh effect. There is special emphasis on the transparency of the arguments and the exhibition of detailed calculations. We assume the reader has a basic knowledge of quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-16 Ernesto Frodden , Nicolás Valdés

It is argued that Feynman's rules for evaluating probabilities, combined with von Neumann's principle of psycho-physical parallelism, help avoid inconsistencies, often associated with quantum theory. The former allows one to assign…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-02 Dmitri Sokolovski

Quantum Mechanics of the Early Universe is considered as deformation of a well-known Quantum Mechanics. Similar to previous works of the author, the principal approach is based on deformation of the density matrix with concurrent…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 A. E. Shalyt-Margolin

The notions of error and disturbance appearing in quantum uncertainty relations are often quantified by the discrepancy of a physical quantity from its ideal value. However, these real and ideal values are not the outcomes of simultaneous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-26 Joseph M. Renes , Volkher B. Scholz , Stefan Huber

Critical quantum metrology relies on the extreme sensitivity of a system's eigenstates near the critical point of a quantum phase transition to Hamiltonian perturbations. This means that these eigenstates are extremely sensitive to all the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 George Mihailescu , Steve Campbell , Karol Gietka

In the present paper, in terms of the measurability concept introduced in the previous works of the author, a quantum theory is studied. Within the framework of this concept, several examples are considered using the Schrodinger picture;…

General Physics · Physics 2017-09-13 Alexander Shalyt-Margolin

Interpretations of quantum measurement theory have been plagued by two questions, one concerning the role of observer consciousness and the other the entanglement phenomenon arising from the superposition of quantum states. We emphasize…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. E. H. Trainor , Charles J. Lumsden
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