Related papers: Photon Polarization Measurements without the Quant…
High-frequency photons traveling in plasma exhibit a linear polarizability that can influence the dispersion of linear plasma waves. We present a detailed calculation of this effect for Langmuir waves as a characteristic example. Two…
In any natural science, measurements are the essential link between theory and observable reality. Is it possible to obtain accurate and relevant information via measurement whose action on the probed system is unknown? In other words, can…
The QED vacuum polarization in external monochromatic plane-wave electromagnetic fields is calculated with spatial and temporal variations of the external fields being taken into account. We develop a perturbation theory to calculate the…
Quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects in an asymmetric nonlinear optical coupler are studied. The asymmetric nonlinear optical coupler is composed of a linear waveguide ($\chi^{\left(1\right)}$) and a nonlinear waveguide…
From an analysis of projective measurements, it is shown that the Wigner rule is the unique operational quasi-probability for the post-measurement state. A unique pre-measurement quasi-probability is derived from a principle of invariance…
Using the path-integral formalism, we show that photons possess a nontrivial quantum metric in momentum space. We derive the semiclassical action and equations of motion by taking into account the quantum metric. In media with a spatially…
The discrepancy between polarized and unpolarized measurements of the proton's electromagnetic form factors is striking, and suggests that two-photon exchange (TPE) may be playing a larger role in elastic electron-proton scattering than is…
We have described a novel way to determine the Mueller matrix of any optical element by using projection method. For this purpose, we have used two universal SU(2) gadgets for polarization optics to obtain projection matrix directly from…
We consider the continuous measurement of a double quantum dot by a weakly coupled detector (tunnel point contact nearby). While the conventional approach describes the gradual system decoherence due to the measurement, we study the…
Lorentz symmetry is the fundamental symmetry of Einstein's theory of Special Relativity and has been tested to great precision. Nevertheless, the possibility remains that it is violated at the Planck scale, as predicted by some theories of…
The positive operator valued measure (POVM) for a photon counting array detector is derived and found to equal photon flux density integrated over pixel area and measurement time. Since photon flux density equals number density multiplied…
A general approach to the analysis of optical properties of photonic crystals based on multiple-quantum-well structures is developed. The effect of the polarization state and a non-perpendicular incidence of the electromagnetic wave is…
We present a novel method for detecting nonlinearities, due to quantum electrodynamics through photon-photon scattering, in Maxwell's equation. The photon-photon scattering gives rise to self-interaction terms, which are similar to the…
In quantum theory general measurements are described by so-called Positive Operator-Valued Measures (POVMs). We show that in $d$-dimensional quantum systems an application of depolarizing noise with constant (independent of $d$) visibility…
In sharp contrast to its classical counterpart, quantum measurement plays a fundamental role in quantum mechanics and blurs the essential distinction between the measurement apparatus and the objects under investigation. An appealing…
Classical measurements are passive, in the sense that they do not affect the physical properties of the measured system. Normally, quantum measurements are not passive in that sense. In the infinite dimensional Hilbert space, however, we…
The complementarity between time and energy, as well as between an angle and a component of angular momentum, is described at three different layers of understanding. The phenomena of super-resolution are readily apparent in the quantum…
We report on the first experimental realization of the entanglement witness for polarization entangled photons. It represents a recently discovered significant quantum information protocol which is based on few local measurements. The…
It is shown that generalized measurements, required for optimally discriminating between nonorthogonal joint polarization states of two indistinguishable photons, can be realized with the help of polarization-dependent two-photon absorption…
We consider a continuous measurement of a two-level system (double-dot) by weakly coupled detector (tunnel point contact nearby). While usual treatment leads to the gradual system decoherence due to the measurement, we show that the…