Related papers: Operator for Describing Polarization States of a P…
We present the results of generalized measurements of optical polarization designed to provide one of three or four distinct outcomes. This has allowed us to discriminate between nonorthogonal polarization states with an error probability…
Polaritons in semiconductor microcavities are hybrid quasiparticles consisting of a superposition of photons and excitons. Due to the photon component, polaritons are characterized by a quantum coherence length in the several micron range.…
In biorthogonal quantum mechanics, the eigenvectors of a quasi-Hermitian operator and those of its adjoint are biorthogonal and complete and the probability for a transition from a quantum state to any one of these eigenvectors is positive…
The vast majority of Shape-from-Polarization (SfP) methods work under the oversimplified assumption of using orthographic cameras. Indeed, it is still not well understood how to project the Stokes vectors when the incoming rays are not…
Optical approaches for wavefront shaping traditionally rely on phase modulation through holographic techniques. Shaping the phase determines a wave's diffraction and hence its intensity distribution in space. We instead show that shaping…
The polarization state of the optical electromagnetic field lying several nanometers above complex dielectric structures reveals the intricate light-matter interaction that occurs in this near-field zone. This information can only be…
A Lorentz invariant positive definite expression for photon number density is derived as the absolute square of the invariant scalar product of a polarization sensitive position eigenvector and the photon wave function. It is found that…
Polarisation is described by an $SU(2)$ wavefunction due to macroscopic coherence of photons emitted from a ubiquitous laser source, and thus, a laser pulse is expected to behave as a macroscopic quantum bit (qubit), i.e., a qubit realised…
The vector potential operator, $\hat{\boldsymbol A}$, is transformed and rewritten in terms of cosine and sine functions in order to get a clear picture of how the photon states relate to the $\boldsymbol A$ field. The phase operator,…
We describe an experiment in which a physical qubit represented by the polarization state of a single-photon was probabilistically encoded in the logical state of two photons. The experiment relied on linear optics, post-selection, and…
An alternative method to the density matrix formalism for the derivation of general expressions of the interaction of polarized atoms with polarized photons and electrons is presented. The expression for the cross-section describing the…
A new solution is proposed to the long-standing problem of describing the quantum phase of a harmonic oscillator. In terms of an'exponential phase operator', defined by a new 'polar decomposition' of the quantized amplitude of the…
We study the polarization of an electron scattered by different static potentials. The initial state of the electron is chosen as a wavepacket to construct the definite orbital angular momentum, and the final polarization of the electron,…
Polarization of light is harnessed in an abundance of classical and quantum applications. Characterizing polarization in a classical sense is done resoundingly successfully using the Stokes parameters, and numerous proposals offer new…
We report the efficient creation and detection of hybrid entanglement between one photon's polarization and another photon's complex transverse polarization pattern. The polarization measurement of the first photon triggers a polarization…
The polarization operator (tensor) for planar charged fermions in constant uniform magnetic field is calculated in the one-loop approximation of the 2+1 dimensional quantum electrodynamics (QED$_{2+1}$) with a nonzero fermion density. We…
We present experimental results on a method to perform polarimetry on ensembles of single photons. Our setup is based on a measurement method known to be optimal for estimating the state of two level systems. The setup has no moving parts…
We introduce Quantum Time-Frequency Analysis, which expands the approach of Quantum Harmonic Analysis to include modulations of operators in addition to translations. This is done by a projective representation of double-phase space, and we…
An electromagnetic pair-creation cascade seeded by an electron or a photon in an intense plane wave interacts in a complicated way with the external field. Many simulations neglect the vector nature of photons by including their interaction…
Forthcoming radio surveys will include full polarisation information, which can be potentially useful for weak lensing observations. We propose a new method to measure the (integrated) gravitational field between a source and the observer,…