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We present a detailed analysis of the set theoretical proof of Wigner for Bell type inequalities with the following result. Wigner introduced a crucial assumption that is not related to Einstein's local realism, but instead, without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-05 Karl Hess , Hans De Raedt , Kristel Michielsen

Thanks to its immunity to the detection loophole, the Clauser-Horne/Eberhard inequality plays an important role in tests of locality and in certification of quantum information protocols based on entanglement. I describe a local model that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-01 Donald A. Graft

We analyze quantum measurement and entanglement by solving the dynamics of stochastic amplitudes that propagate both forward and backward in time. The model allows simulation of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen and Bell correlations, and reveals…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-13 M. D. Reid , P. D. Drummond

The proofs of quantum nonlocality due to GHZ and Hardy are quantitatively different from that of Bell insofar as they rely only on a consideration of whether events are possible or impossible, rather than relying on specific experimental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-17 Andrew W. Simmons

It is generally assumed that {\em local realism} represented by a noncontextual and local hidden-variables model in $d=4$ such as the one used by Bell always gives rise to CHSH inequality $|\langle B\rangle|\leq 2$. On the other hand, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-08 Kazuo Fujikawa , Koichiro Umetsu

This paper aims at reproducing quantum mechanical (QM) spin and spin entanglement results using a realist, stochastic, and local approach, without the standard QM mathematical formulation. The concrete model proposed includes the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-29 Antonio Sciarretta

Local realism has been knocked down by the experiments with entangled pairs of particles based on Bell's theorem(J. S. Bell, Physics (Long Island City, N.Y.) 1, 195 (1964)). However, there has been continuing debate on whether locality or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-24 Liangsuo Shu , Shiping Jin , Xiaokang Liu , Suyi Huang , Zhidong Zeng , Alice Fox , Kun Li , Jingyi Tan

Bell theorems show how to experimentally falsify local realism. Conclusive falsification is highly desirable as it would provide support for the most profoundly counterintuitive feature of quantum theory - nonlocality. Despite the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-22 Anne Broadbent , Hilary A. Carteret , Andre Allan Methot , Jonathan Walgate

Bell inequalities applicable to non-ideal EPRB experiments are critical to the interpretation of experimental Bell tests. In this article it is shown that previous treatments of this subject are incorrect due to an implicit assumption and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-12 João N. C. Especial

Bell's theorem shows a profound contradiction between local realism and quantum mechanics on the level of statistical predictions. It does not involve directly Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) correlations. The paradox of…

Quantum nonlocality is typically assigned to systems of two or more well separated particles, but nonlocality can also exist in systems consisting of just a single particle, when one considers the subsystems to be distant spatial field…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 Libby Heaney , Adan Cabello , Marcelo F. Santos , Vlatko Vedral

This paper provides a systematic analysis of Bell experiments from the relational perspective, demonstrating that the apparent ``nonlocality'' of quantum mechanics stems from a problematic application of relativistic principles rather than…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Jan van Neerven , Marijn Waaijer

Without imposing the locality condition,it is shown that quantum mechanics cannot reproduce all the predictions of a special stochastic realistic model used in certain spin-correlation experiments.This shows that the so-called locality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-17 H. Razmi , M. Golshani

Objections to the use of inequalities to address foundational issues are considered and shown to be invalid. The Clauser-Horne (CH) inequality is considered and interpreted in this light. It is shown that, applied correctly, the CH…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-12 Donald A. Graft

In our contextual model, statistical independence is violated, thus it is not constrained by Bell Theorem. Individual outcomes are created locally in a deterministic way in a function of setting dependent variables describing measuring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Marian Kupczynski

Many beautiful experiments have been addressed to test standard quantum mechanics against local realistic models. Even if a strong evidence favouring standard quantum mechanics is emerged, a conclusive experiment is still lacking, because…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-18 M. Genovese , C. Novero , E. Predazzi

Locality and realism are two main assumptions in deriving Bell's inequalities. Though the experimentally demonstrated violations of Bell's inequalities rule out local realism, it is, however, not clear what role each of the two assumptions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zeng-Bing Chen , Sixia Yu , Yong-De Zhang

We prove that for a three-qubit system in the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state, locality per se is in conflict with the perfect GHZ correlations. The proof does not in any way use the realism assumption and can lead to a refutation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zeng-Bing Chen , Nai-Le Liu , Sixia Yu , Yong-De Zhang

Bell's theorem states that quantum mechanical description on physical quantity cannot be fully explained by local realistic theories, and lays solid basis for various quantum information applications. Hardy's paradox is celebrated to be the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-09 Si-Ran Zhao , Shuai Zhao , Hai-Hao Dong , Wen-Zhao Liu , Jing-Ling Chen , Kai Chen , Qiang Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

We examine the prevalent use of the phrase ``local realism'' in the context of Bell's Theorem and associated experiments, with a focus on the question: what exactly is the `realism' in `local realism' supposed to mean? Carefully surveying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Travis Norsen