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Bell inequalities are intended to show that local realist theories cannot describe the world. A local realist theory is one where physical properties are defined prior to and independent of measurement, and no physical influence can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-01 Jan-Åke Larsson

Maudlin has claimed that no local theory can reproduce the predictions of standard quantum mechanics that violate Bell's inequality for Bohm's version (two spin-half particles in a singlet state) of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen problem. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Robert B. Griffiths

Bell inequalities are mathematical constructs that demarcate the boundary between quantum and classical physics. A new class of multiplicative Bell inequalities originating from a volume maximization game (based on products of correlators…

This paper addresses arguments that "separability" is an assumption of Bell's theorem, and that abandoning this assumption in our interpretation of quantum mechanics (a position sometimes referred to as "holism") will allow us to restore a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-02 Joe Henson

We derive a Bell-like inequality involving all correlations in local observables with uncertainty free states and show that the inequality is violated in quantum mechanics for EPR and GHZ states. If the uncertainties are allowed in local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arun Kumar Pati

Bell inequalities reveal the fundamentally nonlocal character of quantum mechanics. In this regard, one of the interesting problems is to explore all possible Bell inequalities that demonstrate a gap between local and nonlocal quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Palash Pandya , Shubhayan Sarkar , Remigiusz Augusiak

Bell's theorem depends crucially on counterfactual reasoning, and is mistakenly interpreted as ruling out a local explanation for the correlations which can be observed between the results of measurements performed on spatially-separated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mark A. Rubin

It is shown that when properly analyzed using principles consistent with the use of a Hilbert space to describe microscopic properties, quantum mechanics is a local theory: one system cannot influence another system with which it does not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-04 Robert B. Griffiths

The empirical proof of Bell inequality violations was a landmark moment for research into quantum foundations. It commits us to a universe without strict relativistic locality or requires that we escape through a potential loophole like…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Geoff Beck

Bell's theorem shows that local realistic theories place strong restrictions on observable correlations between different systems, giving rise to Bell's inequality which can be violated in experiments using entangled quantum states. Bell's…

Both the quantum mechanical and classical Bells experiment are within the focus of this paper. The fact that one measures different probabilities in both experiments is traced back to the superposition of two orthogonal but nonentangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-26 Tom Rother

It is demonstrated that hidden variables of a certain type follow logically from a certain local causality requirement (``Bell Locality'') and the empirically well-supported predictions of quantum theory for the standard EPR-Bell setup. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Travis Norsen

A connection is revealed between the superposition principle and locality. A self consistent interpretation of the superposition principle is put forth, from which it is shown that quantum mechanics may be a local statistical theory. Then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-11 Sheng Feng

Bell's theorem, stating that quantum predictions are incompatible with a local hidden variable description, is a cornerstone of quantum theory and at the center of many quantum information processing protocols. Over the years, different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 I. S. Eliëns , S. G. A. Brito , R. Chaves

By assuming a deterministic evolution of quantum systems and taking realism into account, we carefully build a hidden variable theory for Quantum Mechanics based on the notion of ontological states proposed by 't Hooft. We view these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-04 Natalia Sánchez-Kuntz , Eduardo Nahmad-Achar

The present standard interpretation of quantum mechanics invokes nonlocality and state reduction at space-like separated points during measurements on entangled systems. While there is no understanding of the physical mechanism of such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. S. Unnikrishnan

In 1935 EPR used the assumption of local realism to conclude in a Gedankenexperiment with two entangled particles that quantum mechanics is not complete. Based on this idea Bell constructed an inequality whereby experimental tests could…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-31 Markus Weber

I have been arguing that quantum nonlocality, deeply entrenched in the present formalism of quantum mechanics and widely believed as a reality by physicists, is in fact absent. Spooky nonlocal state reduction is the most, and perhaps the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C . S. Unnikrishnan

We will demonstrate in this paper that Bell's theorem (Bell's inequality) does not really conflict with quantum mechanics, the controversy between them originates from the different definitions for the expectation value using the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zheng-Chuan Wang

Wang et al. [Science Advances, 1 Aug 2025 Vol 11, Issue 31] recently reported an experiment that they interpret as demonstrating a violation of Bell's inequality using unentangled photons. Such a claim is highly controversial, since it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Antoni Wójcik , Jan Wójcik