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In relational quantum dynamics, evolution emerges via the correlations between some system of interest and a clock system, which plays the role of a temporal reference frame. Their combined state satisfies a Wheeler-de Witt-like constraint…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Veronika Baumann , Maximilian P. E. Lock

Physical spacetime geometry follows from some effective thermodynamics of quantum states of all fields and particles described in frames of General Relativity. In the sense of pure field theoretical Einstein's point of view on gravitation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-08-27 L. A. Glinka

Using the observed time and spatial intervals defined originally by Einstein and the observation frame in the vierbein formalism, we propose that in curved spacetime, for a wave received in laboratories, the observed frequency is the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Sze-Shiang Feng

A commonly adopted relational account of time evolution in generally-covariant systems, and more specifically in quantum cosmology, is argued to be unsatisfactory, insofar as it describes evolution relative to observed readings of a clock…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-10 Ian D. Lawrie

It is very likely that the quantum description of spacetime is quite different from what we perceive at large scales, $l\gg (G\hbar/c^3)^{1/2}$. The long wave length description of spacetime, based on Einstein's equations, is similar to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Padmanabhan

We show that the local and deterministic mode of description is not only in conflict with the quantum theory, but also with relativity. We argue that elementary relativistic properties of spacetime lead to the emergence of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Andrzej Dragan , Artur Ekert

The Lorentz transformations are represented by Einstein velocity addition on the ball of relativistically admissible velocities. This representation is by projective maps. The Lie algebra of this representation defines the relativistic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-08-17 Yaakov Friedman

We present a canonical quantization framework for static spherically symmetric spacetimes described by the Einstein-Hilbert action with a cosmological constant. In addition to recovering the classical Schwarzschild-(Anti)-de Sitter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-03 Benjamin Koch , Ali Riahinia

Standard treatments of general relativity accept the gravitational slowing of clocks as a primary phenomenon, requiring no further analysis as to cause. Rejecting this attitude, I argue that one or more of the fundamental "constants"…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 John E. Heighway

The discussion is limited to first-class parametrized systems, where the definition of time evolution and observables is not trivial, and to finite dimensional systems in order that technicalities do not obscure the conceptual framework.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Petr Hajicek

We consider a number of aspects of the problem of defining time observables in quantum theory. Time observables are interesting quantities in quantum theory because they often cannot be associated with self-adjoint operators. Their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-27 James M Yearsley

This paper completes a previous work by constructing a class of positive-energy relativistic spatial localization observables in Minkowski spacetime within quantum field theory, using the stress-energy-momentum tensor smeared with suitable…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Valter Moretti

The formulation of a consistent measurement theory for relativistic quantum fields has become a problem of growing foundational and practical significance. Standard non-relativistic measurement models fail to incorporate the essential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Nadia Koliopoulou , Charis Anastopoulos , Ntina Savvidou

The subject of this thesis is the coupling of quantum fields to a classical gravitational background in a semiclassical fashion. It contains a thorough introduction into quantum field theory on curved spacetime with a focus on the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-03-09 Daniel Siemssen

We describe a theory amalgamating quantum theory and general relativity through the identification of a continuous 4-dimensional spacetime arena constructed from the substructures of a generalised multi-dimensional form for proper time. In…

General Physics · Physics 2020-10-07 David J. Jackson

Linearized Einstein gravity (with possibly nonzero cosmological constant) is quantized in the framework of algebraic quantum field theory by analogy with Dimock's treatment of electromagnetism [Rev. Math. Phys. 4 (1992) 223--233]. To…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-09-13 Christopher J. Fewster , David S. Hunt

It is mandatory to know how to operationally define and translate a reference frame into mathematics, in order that a physical interpretation of theory calculations in terms of observational data is possible. The situation is particularly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Thomas Thiemann

When four-dimensional general relativity is embedded in an unconstrained man-ner in a fifth dimension, the physical quantities of spacetime can be interpreted as geometrical properties related to the extra dimension. It has become…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-06-18 Paul S. Wesson

The concept of a particle is ambiguous in quantum field theory. It is generally agreed that particles depend not only on spacetime, but also on coordinates used to parametrise spacetime points. One of us has in contrast proposed a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-07 V. A. Emelyanov , D. Robertz

We pursue the view that quantum theory may be an emergent structure related to large space-time scales. In particular, we consider classical Hamiltonian systems in which the intrinsic proper time evolution parameter is related through a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Hans-Thomas Elze
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