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The thermodynamic arrow-of-time problem is thought to be resolved by the observation that our universe initially was---and still is---far from equilibrium. The psychological arrow-of-time problem is often attributed the same resolution, but…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-19 Lucas Johns

A novel solution to the quantum measurement problem is presented by using a new asymmetric equation that is complementary to the Schr\"odinger equation. Solved for the hydrogen atom, the new equation describes the temporal and spatial…

General Physics · Physics 2024-10-25 Z. E. Musielak

The most realistic situations in quantum mechanics involve the interaction between two or more systems. In the most of reliable models, the form and structure of the interactions generate differential equations which are, in the most of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-01 C. A. M. de Melo , B. M. Pimentel , J. A. Ramirez

While the microscopic laws of physics are often symmetric under time reversal, most natural processes that we observe are not. The emergent asymmetry between typical and time-reversed processes is referred to as the arrow of time. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Luis Pedro García-Pintos , Yi-Kai Liu , Alexey V. Gorshkov

A theory of quantum jumps is developed by using a new asymmetric equation, which is complementary to the Schr\"odinger equation. The new equation displays Bohr's rules for quantum jumps, and its solutions demonstrate that once a quantum…

General Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Z. E. Musielak

In the understanding of the fundamental interactions, the origin of an arrow of time is viewed as problematic. However, quantum field theory has an arrow of causality, which tells us which time direction is the past lightcone and which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-15 John F. Donoghue , Gabriel Menezes

The symmetry of quantum theory under time reversal has long been a subject of controversy because the transition probabilities given by Born's rule do not apply backward in time. Here, we resolve this problem within a rigorous operational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-01 Ognyan Oreshkov , Nicolas J. Cerf

We argue that the asymmetry between diverging and converging electromagnetic waves is just one of many asymmetries in observed phenomena that can be explained by a past hypothesis and statistical postulate (together assigning probabilities…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-04-21 Mario Hubert , Charles T. Sebens

The arrow of time dilemma: the laws of physics are invariant for time inversion, whereas the familiar phenomena we see everyday are not (i.e. entropy increases). I show that, within a quantum mechanical framework, all phenomena which leave…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-22 Lorenzo Maccone

The operational formulations of quantum theory are drastically time oriented. However, to the best of our knowledge, microscopic physics is time-symmetric. We address this tension by showing that the asymmetry of the operational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Andrea Di Biagio , Pietro Donà , Carlo Rovelli

An unresolved problem in physics is how the thermodynamic arrow of time arises from an underlying time reversible dynamics. We contribute to this issue by developing a measure of time-symmetry breaking, and by using the work fluctuation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-11-26 Edward H. Feng , Gavin E. Crooks

Details of the contents and the formulations of the Born rule changed considerably from its inception by Born in 1926 to the present day. This paper traces the early history of the Born rule 100 years ago, its generalization (essential for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-25 Arnold Neumaier

This paper aims to show how adoption of a pragmatist interpretation permits a satisfactory resolution of the quantum measurement problem. The classic measurement problem dissolves once one recognizes that it is not the function of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-01 Richard Healey

One of the basic assumptions underlying Bell's theorem is the causal arrow of time, having to do with temporal order rather than spatial separation. Nonetheless, the physical assumptions regarding causality are seldom studied in this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-03 Nathan Argaman

We investigate deviations from Born's rule in quantum systems where the quantum-equilibrium hypothesis, $\rho \neq |\Psi|^2$, fails. Using the quantum-hydrodynamic framework, we show that transit-interference phenomena and intrinsic memory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-20 C. Dedes

Deriving an arrow of time from time-reversal symmetric microscopic dynamics is a fundamental open problem in many areas of physics, ranging from cosmology, to particle physics, to thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. Here we focus on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-31 Thomas Guff , Chintalpati Umashankar Shastry , Andrea Rocco

Complex phase factors are viewed not only as redundancies of the quantum formalism but instead as remnants of unitary transformations under which the probabilistic properties of observables are invariant. It is postulated that a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-20 Fritiof Wallentin

A concise review of the derivation of the Born rule and Schr\"odinger equation from first principles is provided. The starting point is a formalization of fundamental notions of measurement and composition, leading to a general framework…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-13 Robert Oeckl

Quantum Action Principle formulated earlier is used as a ground for a probabilistic interpretation of one-particle relativistic quantum mechanics. In this new approach the probability "flows" in the Minkowsky space being dependent on an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-20 Natalia Gorobey , Alexander Lukyanenko , Inna Lukyanenko

It was recently shown \cite{opposite} that systems with opposite thermodynamic arrows of time could have moderate mutual interaction with neither destroying the order of the other. Such interaction includes signaling. Signals, however, may…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 L. S. Schulman