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Quantum information refers to the distinctive information-processing properties of quantum systems, which arise when information is stored in or retrieved from nonorthogonal quantum states. More information is required to prepare an…
The nature of quantum computation is discussed. It is argued that, in terms of the amount of information manipulated in a given time, quantum and classical computation are equally efficient. Quantum superposition does not permit quantum…
Quantum computers are considered as a part of the family of the reversible, lineary-extended, dynamical systems (Quanputers). For classical problems an operational reformulation is given. A universal algorithm for the solving of classical…
We investigate the rate of operation of quantum "black boxes" ("oracles") and point out the possibility of performing an operation by a quantum "oracle" whose average energy equals zero. This counterintuitive result not only presents a…
Quantum algorithms require less operations than classical algorithms. The exact reason of this has not been pinpointed until now. Our explanation is that quantum algorithms know in advance 50% of the solution of the problem they will find…
The emergence of quantum computing proposes a revolutionary paradigm that can radically transform numerous scientific and industrial application domains. The ability of quantum computers to scale computations implies better performance and…
It is a long-standing open question to construct a classical oracle relative to which BQP/qpoly $\neq$ BQP/poly or QMA $\neq$ QCMA. In this paper, we construct classically-accessible classical oracles relative to which BQP/qpoly $\neq$…
We show that quantum oracles provide an advantage over classical oracles for answering classical counterfactual questions in causal models, or equivalently, for identifying unknown causal parameters such as distributions over functional…
A quantum computer promises efficient processing of certain computational tasks that are intractable with classical computer technology. While basic principles of a quantum computer have been demonstrated in the laboratory, scalability of…
A clock is, from an information-theoretic perspective, a system that emits information about time. One may therefore ask whether the theory of information imposes any constraints on the maximum precision of clocks. Here we show a…
In the standard oracle model, an oracle efficiently evaluates an unknown classical function independent of the quantum algorithm itself. Quantum algorithms have a complex interrelationship to their oracles; for example the possibility of…
Quantum computers are expected to be able to solve mathematical problems that cannot be solved using conventional computers. Many of these problems are of practical importance, especially in the areas of cryptography and secure…
Quantum computing is gaining increased attention as a potential way to speed up simulations of physical systems, and it is also of interest to apply it to simulations of classical plasmas. However, quantum information science is…
Quantum communication systems support unique applications in the form of distributed quantum computing, distributed quantum sensing, and several cryptographic protocols. The main enabler in these communication systems is an efficient…
These notes discuss the quantum algorithms we know of that can solve problems significantly faster than the corresponding classical algorithms. So far, we have only discovered a few techniques which can produce speed up versus classical…
Using a quantumlike description for light propagation in nonhomogeneous optical fibers, quantum information processing can be implemented by optical means. Quantum-like bits (qulbits) are associated to light modes in the optical fiber and…
Quantum particles can be obtained from a classical probability distribution in phase space by a suitable coarse graining, whereby simultaneous classical information about position and momentum can be lost. For a suitable time evolution of…
This article deals with theoretical developments in the subject of quantum information and quantum computation, and includes an overview of classical information and some relevant quantum mechanics. The discussion covers topics in quantum…
In former work, we showed that a quantum algorithm requires the number of operations (oracle's queries) of a classical algorithm that knows in advance 50% of the information that specifies the solution of the problem. We gave a preliminary…
Quantum computers facing chaos. Quantum parallelism allows to perform computation in a radically new manner. A quantum computer based on these new principles may resolve certain problems exponentially faster than a classical computer. We…