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Quantum information science explores the frontier of highly complex quantum states, the "entanglement frontier." This study is motivated by the observation (widely believed but unproven) that classical systems cannot simulate highly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-13 John Preskill

We show that quantum search can be used to compute the hardness to round an elementary function, that is, to determine the minimum working precision required to compute the values of an elementary function correctly rounded to a target…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Stefanos Kourtis

Quantum computing hardware has grown sufficiently complex that it often can no longer be simulated by classical computers, but its computational power remains limited by errors. These errors corrupt the results of quantum algorithms, and it…

Quantum computations operate in the quantum world. For their results to be useful in any way, there is an intrinsic necessity of cooperation and communication controlled by the classical world. As a consequence, full formal descriptions of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Philippe Jorrand , Marie Lalire

Consider an n qubit computational basis state corresponding to a bit string x, which has had an unknown local unitary applied to each qubit, and whose qubits have been reordered by an unknown permutation. We show that, given such a state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-18 Ashley Montanaro

Quantum computing can enable a variety of breakthroughs in research and industry in the future. Although some quantum algorithms already exist that show a theoretical speedup compared to the best known classical algorithms, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-14 Marie Salm , Johanna Barzen , Uwe Breitenbücher , Frank Leymann , Benjamin Weder , Karoline Wild

Quantum computers are reaching a level where interactions between classical and quantum computations can happen in real-time. This marks the advent of a new, broader class of quantum circuits: dynamic quantum circuits. They offer a broader…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

The statistical state of any (classical or quantum) system with non-trivial time evolution can be interpreted as the pointer of a clock. The quality of such a clock is given by the statistical distinguishability of its states at different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dominik Janzing , Thomas Beth

Quantum computation teaches us that quantum mechanics exhibits exponential complexity. We argue that the standard scientific paradigm of "predict and verify" cannot be applied to testing quantum mechanics in this limit of high complexity.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-19 Dorit Aharonov , Umesh Vazirani

A Quantum Computer is a new type of computer which can efficiently solve complex problems such as prime factorization. A quantum computer threatens the security of public key encryption systems because these systems rely on the fact that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kevin M. Obenland , Alvin M. Despain

As we approach the era of quantum advantage, when quantum computers (QCs) can outperform any classical computer on particular tasks, there remains the difficult challenge of how to validate their performance. While algorithmic success can…

The computational problem of distinguishing two quantum channels is central to quantum computing. It is a generalization of the well-known satisfiability problem from classical to quantum computation. This problem is shown to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-24 Bill Rosgen

Quantum computing is the process of performing calculations using quantum mechanics. This field studies the quantum behavior of certain subatomic particles for subsequent use in performing calculations, as well as for large-scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-07 David Peral García , Juan Cruz-Benito , Francisco José García-Peñalvo

Quantum computing improves substantially on known classical algorithms for various important problems, but the nature of the relationship between quantum and classical computing is not yet fully understood. This relationship can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Jacques Carette , Chris Heunen , Robin Kaarsgaard , Neil J. Ross , Amr Sabry

In former work, we showed that a quantum algorithm is the sum over the histories of a classical algorithm that knows in advance 50% of the information about the solution of the problem - each history is a possible way of getting the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-17 Giuseppe Castagnoli

Quantum computers leverage the principles of quantum mechanics to do computation with a potential advantage over classical computers. While a single classical computer transforms one particular binary input into an output after applying one…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Francisco Chicano , Gabiel Luque , Zakaria Abdelmoiz Dahi , Rodrigo Gil-Merino

Universal quantum computers are the only general purpose quantum computers known that can be implemented as of today. These computers consist of a classical memory component which controls the quantum memory. In this paper, the space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-03 Yanglin Hu , Darya Melnyk , Yuyi Wang , Roger Wattenhofer

The widely considered assertion is that the unitarity of quantum mechanical evolution assures the preservation of information. It is even promoted in popular literature as an established fact. (Susskind, 2008) Yet, a simple chain of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-27 Peter B. Lerner

Quantum computers promise to solve computational problems significantly faster than classical computers. These 'speed-ups' are achieved by utilizing a resource known as magic. Measuring the amount of magic used by a device allows us to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Roy J. Garcia , Gaurav Bhole , Kaifeng Bu , Liyuan Chen , Haribabu Arthanari , Arthur Jaffe

The using of quantum parallelism is often connected with consideration of quantum system with huge dimension of space of states. The n-qubit register can be described by complex vector with 2^n components (it belongs to n'th tensor power of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander Yu. Vlasov