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One of quantum theory's salient features is its apparent indeterminism, i.e. measurement outcomes are typically probabilistic. We formally define and address whether this uncertainty is unavoidable or whether post-quantum theories can offer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-15 Johannes Fankhauser

Quantum computation teaches us that quantum mechanics exhibits exponential complexity. We argue that the standard scientific paradigm of "predict and verify" cannot be applied to testing quantum mechanics in this limit of high complexity.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-19 Dorit Aharonov , Umesh Vazirani

Practically measurable quantities resulting from quantum field theory are not described by hermitian operators, contradicting one of the cornerstone axioms of orthodox quantum theory. This could be a sign that some of the axioms of orthodox…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 H. Nikolic

We discuss various definitions of decoherence and how it can be measured. We compare and contrast decoherence in quantum systems with an infinite number of eigenstates (such as the free particle and the oscillator) and spin systems. In the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 R. F. O'Connell

We reconsider some important foundational problems of quantum mechanics. After reviewing the measurement problem and discussing its unavoidability, we analyze some proposals to overcome it. This analysis leads us to reconsider the current…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-07 GianCarlo Ghirardi

Understanding the core content of quantum mechanics requires us to disentangle the hidden logical relationships between the postulates of this theory. Here we show that the mathematical structure of quantum measurements, the formula for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-02 Lluís Masanes , Thomas D. Galley , Markus P. Müller

The most peculiar, specifically quantum, features of quantum mechanics --- quantum nonlocality, indeterminism, interference of probabilities, quantization, wave function collapse during measurement --- are explained on a logical-geometrical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Yuri Orlov

If a quantum experiment includes random processes, then the results of repeated measurements can appear consistent with irreversible decoherence even if the system's evolution prior to measurement was reversible and unitary. Two thought…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-01 Sam Kennerly

Quantum measurements are not deterministic. For this reason quantum measurements are repeated for a number of shots on identically prepared systems. The uncertainty in each measurement depends on the number of shots and the expected outcome…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Pieter Thijs Eendebak

According to quantum theory, a scientist in a sealed laboratory cannot tell whether they are inside a superposition or not. Consequently, so long as they remain isolated, they can assume without inconsistency that their measurements result…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-28 Jacques L. Pienaar

A common understanding of quantum mechanics (QM) among students and practical users is often plagued by a number of "myths", that is, widely accepted claims on which there is not really a general consensus among experts in foundations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 H. Nikolic

I discuss some of the main interpretations given to explain the indeterministic nature of quantum measurements and show that all has some loopholes in one corner or another. I propose an alternative interpretation based on the notion of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-30 M. B. Altaie

To understand the foundations of quantum mechanics, we have to think carefully about how theoretical concepts are rooted in -- and limited by -- the nature of experience, as Bohr attempted to show. Geometrical pictures of physical phenomena…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Doug Bilodeau

With an eye on developing a quantum theory of gravity, many physicists have recently searched for quantum challenges to the equivalence principle of general relativity. However, as historians and philosophers of science are well aware, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-02-17 Elias Okon , Craig Callender

Quantum theory is formulated as the only consistent way to manipulate probability amplitudes. The crucial ingredient is a consistency constraint: if there are two different ways to compute an amplitude the two answers must agree. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Ariel Caticha

This article presents a novel interpretation of quantum mechanics. It extends the meaning of ``measurement'' to include all property-indicating facts. Intrinsically space is undifferentiated: there are no points on which a world of locally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Ulrich Mohrhoff

A new type of a nonlinear gauge quantum theory (superrelativity) has been proposed. Such theory demands a radical reconstruction of both the quantum field conception and spacetime structure, and this paves presumably way to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-09-13 Peter Leifer

The measurement process for hidden-configuration formulations of quantum mechanics is analysed. It is shown how a satisfactory description of quantum measurement can be given in this framework. The unified treatment of hidden-configuration…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Giulio Peruzzi , Alberto Rimini

We consider the logical assertions of a hypothetical observer who is inside a quantum computer and performs a reversible quantum measurement, obtaining a symmetric couple of new axioms, valid only inside the quantum computer. The result is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Giulia Battilotti

We show that, contrarily to the widespread belief, in quantum mechanics repeatable measurements are not necessarily described by orthogonal projectors--the customary paradigm of "observable". Nonorthogonal repeatability, however, occurs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Buscemi , G. M. D'Ariano , P. Perinotti