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The product of two unitaries can normally be expressed as a single exponential through the famous Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula. We present here a counterexample in quantum optics, by showing that an expression in terms of a single…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-18 Daniel Burgarth , Paolo Facchi , Hiromichi Nakazato , Saverio Pascazio , Kazuya Yuasa

A simple expression is derived for the terms in the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff series. One formulation of the result involves a finite number of operations with matrices of rational numbers. Generalizations are discussed.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Matthias W. Reinsch

After the torch of Anders Kock [Taylor series calculus for ring objects of line type, Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra, 12 (1978), 271-293], we will establish the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula as well as the Zassenhaus formula in the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-06-20 Hirokazu Nishimura

The Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula was recently resummed exactly in one variable, and left as a power series in the other (Moodie and Long 2021 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 54 015208). The coefficients of the power series were provided as a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Joseph M. Jones , M. W. Long

This short paper presents an efficient implementation of Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula for calculating the logarithm of product of two possibly non-commutative Lie group elements using only Lie algebra terms.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-06 Cupjin Huang

We address the problem of constructing the non-associative version of the Dynkin form of the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula; that is, expressing $\log (\exp (x)\exp(y))$, where $x$ and $y$ are non-associative variables, in terms of the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-05-04 J. Mostovoy , J. M. Perez-Izquierdo , I. P. Shestakov

We study self-duality for interacting particle systems, where the particles move as continuous time random walkers having either exclusion interaction or inclusion interaction. We show that orthogonal self-dualities arise from unitary…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-07-15 Gioia Carinci , Chiara Franceschini , Cristian Giardinà , Wolter Groenevelt , Frank Redig

In an arbitrary complete differential graded Lie algebra, we construct a group operation $\bullet$ on $L_1$ such that the differential of the product of two elements is the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff product of their differentials, i.e.,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2024-10-04 Mario Fuentes

For the computation of terms of the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff series $H = \log(e^Ae^B})$ some a priori knowledge about the denominators of the coefficients of the series can be beneficial. In this paper an explicit formula for the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-08 Harald Hofstätter

An exact representation of the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula as a power series in just one of the two variables is constructed. Closed form coefficients of this series are found in terms of hyperbolic functions, which contain all of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-07-23 Jordan C. Moodie , Martin W. Long

Gaussian unitaries, generated by quadratic Hamiltonians, are fundamental in quantum optics and continuous-variable computing. Their structures correspond to symplectic (bosons) and orthogonal (fermions) groups, but physical realizations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Jingqi Sun , Joshua Combes , Lucas Hackl

The Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula is a general result for the quantity $Z(X,Y)=\ln( e^X e^Y )$, where $X$ and $Y$ are not necessarily commuting. For completely general commutation relations between $X$ and $Y$, (the free Lie algebra),…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Alexander Van-Brunt , Matt Visser

The Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff series computes the quantity \begin{equation*} Z(X,Y)=\ln\left( e^X e^Y \right) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty z_n(X,Y), \end{equation*} where $X$ and $Y$ are not necessarily commuting, in terms of homogeneous multinomials…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-11-30 Alexander Van-Brunt , Matt Visser

For a Lie groupoid G we prove an analogous of the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula and we calculate the structure functions of the Lie algebroid associated to G.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Birant Ramazan

In this paper we show how to calculate explicitly the exponential of certain matrices, which are evolution operators governing the interaction of the four level system of atoms and the radiation, etc. We present a consistent method in terms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-29 Kazuyuki Fujii

I discuss a formula decomposing the integral of time-ordered products of operators into sums of products of integrals of time-ordered commutators. The resulting factorization enables summation of an infinite series to be carried out to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 C. S. Lam

Starting from an elementary calculation of super Lie group elements associating with non(anti)-commutative Grassmann parameters, we derive several closed expressions of Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff (BCH) formula which represent multiplication…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-03-11 Kazuhiro Nagata

Based on the operator representation on the module over Banach algebra $B(X)$, the Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff formula is generalized to the unbounded situations. In conclusion, by means of the logarithmic representation of generally-unbounded…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Yoritaka Iwata

The well-known Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff theorem in Lie theory says that the logarithm of a noncommutative product e X e Y can be expressed in terms of iterated commutators of X and Y. This paper provides a gentle introduction t{\'o}…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-05-03 Shanzhong Sun , Yong Li , David Sauzin

We describe a unification of several apparently unrelated factorizations arisen from quantum field theory, vertex operator algebras, combinatorics and numerical methods in differential equations. The unification is given by a Birkhoff type…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Ebrahimi-Fard , L. Guo , D. Manchon
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