Related papers: Quantum state measurement by realistic heterodyne …
We review experimental work on the measurement of the quantum state of optical fields, and the relevant theoretical background. The basic technique of optical homodyne tomography is described with particular attention paid to the role…
Spectral homodyne detection, a widely used technique for measuring quantum properties of light beams, cannot retrieve all the information needed to reconstruct the quantum state of spectral field modes. We show that full quantum state…
We experimentally verify uncertainty relations for mixed states in the tomographic representation by measuring the radiation field tomograms, i.e. homodyne distributions. Thermal states of single-mode radiation field are discussed in…
We suggest a general scheme for quantum state engineering based on conditional measurements carried out on entangled twin-beam of radiation. Realistic detection schemes such as {\sc on/off} photodetection, homodyne detection and joint…
We propose to experimentally test the nonclassicality of quantum states through homodyne tomography. For single-mode states we check violations of inequalities involving the photon-number probability. For two-mode states we test the…
We study quantum state estimation problems where the reference system with respect to which the state is measured should itself be treated quantum mechanically. In this situation, the difference between the system and the reference tends to…
A review is given on phase-sensitive measurements, such as homodyne detection, for radiation fields and material systems. Methods of quantum-state reconstruction are considered for radiation fields, including multimode and pulsed radiation.…
Quantum tomography is a procedure to determine the quantum state of a physical system, or equivalently, to estimate the expectation value of any operator. It consists in appropriately averaging the outcomes of the measurement results of…
The characterization and conditional preparation of multi-photon quantum states requires the use of photon number resolving detectors. We study the use of detectors based on multiple avalanche photodiode pixels in this context. We develop a…
We propose to measure the quantum state of a single mode of the radiation field in a cavity---the signal field---by coupling it via a quantum-non-demolition Hamiltonian to a meter field in a highly squeezed state. We show that quantum state…
In the preceding paper [Warszawski and Wiseman] we presented a general formalism for determining the state of a quantum system conditional on the output of a realistic detector, including effects such as a finite bandwidth and electronic…
In the standard homodyne configuration, an unknown optical state is combined with a local oscillator (LO) on a beam splitter (BS). Good quadrature measurements require a high-amplitude LO and two high-efficiency photodiodes whose signals…
We study the problem of determining the photon number statistics of an unknown quantum state by simultaneously measuring conjugate quadratures with double homodyne detectors. Classically, the sum of the squared outputs of the two homodyne…
We propose simple quantitative criteria, based on counting statistics in resonant harmonic detectors, that probe the quantum mechanical character of radiation fields. They provide, in particular, practical means to test the null hypothesis…
We present an analysis of the time domain measurement of temporally resolvable quantum states using balanced homodyne detection. Our approach outlines a formalism of detecting quantum states in arbitrary temporal modes via projection of the…
As single-photon sources become more mature and are used more often in quantum information, communications and measurement applications, their characterization becomes more important. Single-photon-like light is often characterized by its…
The evolution of a quantum state undergoing radiative decay depends on how the emission is detected. We employ phase-sensitive amplification to perform homodyne detection of the spontaneous emission from a superconducting artificial atom.…
We demonstrate that it is possible to use the balanced homodyning with array detectors to measure the quantum state of correlated two-mode signal field. We show the applicability of the method to fields with complex mode functions, thus…
Measurements of single-mode phase observables are studied in the spirit of the quantum theory of measurement. We determine the minimal measurement models of phase observables and consider methods of measuring such observables by using a…
This review covers latest developments in continuous-variable quantum-state tomography of optical fields and photons, placing a special accent on its practical aspects and applications in quantum information technology. Optical homodyne…