Related papers: Minimum Decision Cost for Quantum Ensembles

Measuring the state of a quantum system is a fundamental process in quantum mechanics and plays an essential role in quantum information and quantum technologies. One method to measure a quantum observable is to sort the system in different…

Collective measurements on identical and independent quantum systems can offer advantages in information extraction compared with individual measurements. However, little is known about the distinction between restricted collective…

Binary segmentation is the classic greedy algorithm which recursively splits a sequential data set by optimizing some loss or likelihood function. Binary segmentation is widely used for changepoint detection in data sets measured over space…

In this paper we consider the problem of minimizing the ancillary systems required to realize an arbitrary strategy of a quantum protocol, with the assistance of classical memory. For this purpose we introduce the notion of memory cost of a…

For spin-1/2 particles, using a suitable Mach-Zehnder-type setup with a spin-flipper, we argue that it is a direct consequence of the quantum mechanical treatment that an experimentally verifiable \textit{subensemble} mean of the measured…

Preferential Bayesian optimization allows optimization of objectives that are either expensive or difficult to measure directly, by relying on a minimal number of comparative evaluations done by a human expert. Generating candidate…

After a derivation of the quantum Bayes theorem, and a discussion of the reconstruction of the unknown state of identical spin systems by repeated measurements, the main part of this paper treats the problem of determining the unknown phase…

We consider bipartite systems as versatile probes for the estimation of transformations acting locally on one of the subsystems. We investigate what resources are required for the probes to offer a guaranteed level of metrological…

For certain joint measurements on a pair of spatially separated particles, we ask how much entanglement is needed to carry out the measurement exactly. For a class of orthogonal measurements on two qubits with partially entangled…

Computer experiments are becoming increasingly important in scientific investigations. In the presence of uncertainty, analysts employ probabilistic sensitivity methods to identify the key-drivers of change in the quantities of interest.…

Observations or measurements taken of a quantum system (a small number of fundamental particles) are inherently random. If the state of the system depends on unknown parameters, then the distribution of the outcome depends on these…

Simultaneously implementing two arbitrary quantum measurements on the same system is impossible. The consequence of this limitation is that selecting one measurement actively excludes other possibilities. Two incompatible choices can then…

For the precise estimation of the unknown quantum state, the independent samples should be prepared. Can we reduce the error of the estimation by the measurement using the quantum correlation between every sample? In this paper, this…

We constructed a cavity QED system with a diamagnetic atom of 171Yb and performed projective measurements on a single nuclear spin. Since Yb has no electronic spin and has 1/2 nuclear spin, the procedure of spin polarization and state…

We derive the optimal measurement for quantum state discrimination without a priori probabilities, i.e. in a minimax strategy instead of the usually considered Bayesian one. We consider both minimal-error and unambiguous discrimination…

We have shown that entanglement assisted stochastic strategies allow access to strategic measures beyond the classically correlated measures accessible through passive common randomness, and thus attain a quantum advantage in decentralised…

Analyzing the properties of entanglement in many-particle spin-1/2 systems is generally difficult because the system's Hilbert space grows exponentially with the number of constituent particles, $N$. Fortunately, it is still possible to…

The guesswork of a classical-quantum channel quantifies the cost incurred in guessing the state transmitted by the channel when only one state can be queried at a time, maximized over any classical pre-processing and minimized over any…

Bayesian experimental design (BED) for complex physical systems is often limited by the nested inference required to estimate the expected information gain (EIG) or its gradients. Each outer sample induces a different posterior, creating a…

The quantum correlations of two or more entangled particles present the possibility of stronger-than-classical outcome coincidences. We investigate two-partite correlations of spin one, three-half and higher quanta in a state satisfying a…