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With the advancement of quantum technologies, there is a potential threat to traditional encryption systems based on integer factorization. Therefore, developing techniques for accurately measuring the performance of associated quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-20 Junseo Lee

We investigate the influence of superpositional wave function oscillations on the performance of Shor's quantum algorithm for factorization of integers. It is shown that the wave function oscillations can destroy the required quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Gennady P. Berman , Gary D. Doolen , Vladimir I. Tsifrinovich

Entanglement has been termed a critical resource for quantum information processing and is thought to be the reason that certain quantum algorithms, such as Shor's factoring algorithm, can achieve exponentially better performance than their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vivien M Kendon , William J Munro

Quantum information processing and its associated technologies has reached an interesting and timely stage in their development where many different experiments have been performed establishing the basic building blocks. The challenge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Simon J. Devitt , Ashley M. Stephens , William J. Munro , Kae Nemoto

In this note we consider optimised circuits for implementing Shor's quantum factoring algorithm. First I give a circuit for which none of the about 2n qubits need to be initialised (though we still have to make the usual 2n measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christof Zalka

To see the feasibility of a large-scale quantum computing, it is required to accurately analyze the performance and the quantum resource. However, most of the analysis reported so far have focused on the statistical examination, i.e.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-20 Yongsoo Hwang , Taewan Kim , Chungheon Baek , Byung-Soo Choi

Recently, Cai showed that Shor's quantum factoring algorithm fails to factor large integers when the algorithm's quantum Fourier transform (QFT) is corrupted by a vanishing level of random noise on the QFT's precise controlled rotation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Jin-Yi Cai , Ben Young

Fault-tolerant quantum error correction (QEC) is crucial for unlocking the true power of quantum computers. QEC codes use multiple physical qubits to encode a logical qubit, which is protected against errors at the physical qubit level.…

The quantum multicomputer consists of a large number of small nodes and a qubus interconnect for creating entangled state between the nodes. The primary metric chosen is the performance of such a system on Shor's algorithm for factoring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Rodney Doyle Van Meter

Shor's algorithm has seriously challenged information security based on public key cryptosystems. However, to break the widely used RSA-2048 scheme, one needs millions of physical qubits, which is far beyond current technical capabilities.…

In ensemble (or bulk) quantum computation, measurements of qubits in an individual computer cannot be performed. Instead, only expectation values can be measured. As a result of this limitation on the model of computation, various important…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Oscar Boykin , Tal Mor , Vwani Roychowdhury , Farrokh Vatan

A quantum processor (QuP) can be used to exploit quantum mechanics to find the prime factors of composite numbers[1]. Compiled versions of Shor's algorithm have been demonstrated on ensemble quantum systems[2] and photonic systems[3-5],…

I give a pedagogical account of Shor's nine-bit code for correcting arbitrary errors on single qubits, and I review work that determines when it is possible to maintain quantum coherence by reversing the deleterious effects of open-system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Carlton M. Caves

Quantum algorithms are at the heart of the ongoing efforts to use quantum mechanics to solve computational problems unsolvable on ordinary classical computers. Their common feature is the use of genuine quantum properties such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Giuseppe Mussardo , Andrea Trombettoni

Very recently, Monz, et al. [arXiv:1507.08852] have reported the demonstration of factoring 15 using a scalable Shor algorithm with an ion-trap quantum computer. In this note, we remark that the report is somewhat misleading because there…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-02 Zhengjun Cao , Lihua Liu

We study effects of static inter-qubit interactions and random errors in quantum gates on the stability of various quantum algorithms including the Grover quantum search algorithm and the quantum chaos maps. For the Grover algorithm our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. A. Pomeransky , O. V. Zhirov , D. L. Shepelyansky

We try to minimize the number of qubits needed to factor an integer of n bits using Shor's algorithm on a quantum computer. We introduce a circuit which uses 2n+3 qubits and O(n^3 lg(n)) elementary quantum gates in a depth of O(n^3) to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Stephane Beauregard

Shor's algorithm outperforms its classical counterpart in efficient prime factorization. We explore the coherence and entanglement dynamics of the evolved states within Shor's algorithm, showing that the coherence in each step relies on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Linlin Ye , Zhaoqi Wu , Shao-Ming Fei

These are pedagogical notes on Shor's factoring algorithm, which is a quantum algorithm for factoring very large numbers (of order of hundreds to thousands of bits) in polynomial time. In contrast, all known classical algorithms for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-19 Robert L Singleton

Shor's algorithm can find prime factors of a large number more efficiently than any known classical algorithm. Understanding the properties that gives the speedup is essential for a general and scalable construction. Here we present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-13 Niklas Johansson , Jan-Åke Larsson