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The quest to have both which-path knowledge and interference fringes in a double-slit experiment dates back to the inception of quantum mechanics (QM) and to the famous Einstein-Bohr debates. In this paper we propose and discuss an…
Generalized quantum measurements identifying non-orthogonal states without ambiguity often play an indispensable role in various quantum applications. For such unambiguous state discrimination scenario, we have a finite probability of…
It is a fundamental consequence of the superposition principle for quantum states that there must exist non-orthogonal states, that is states that, although different, have a non-zero overlap. This finite overlap means that there is no way…
Recent experiments have demonstrated strong coupling between living bacteria and light. Here we propose a scheme capable of revealing non-classical features of the bacteria (quantum discord of light-bacteria correlations) without exact…
It is shown that generalized measurements, required for optimally discriminating between nonorthogonal joint polarization states of two indistinguishable photons, can be realized with the help of polarization-dependent two-photon absorption…
We investigate the capabilities of loss-tolerant quantum state characterization using a photon-number resolving, time-multiplexed detector (TMD). We employ the idea of probing the Wigner function point-by-point in phase space via photon…
Quantum-optimal discrimination between one and two closely separated light sources can be achieved by ideal spatial-mode demultiplexing, simply monitoring whether a photon is detected in a single antisymmetric mode. However, we show that…
A novel quantum imaging technique has recently been demonstrated in an experiment, where the photon used for illuminating an object is not detected; the image is obtained by interfering two beams, none of which ever interacts with the…
Path-entangled multi-photon states allow optical phase-sensing beyond the shot-noise limit, provided that an efficient parity measurement can be implemented. Realising this experimentally is technologically demanding, as it requires…
We develop a theory to teleport an unknown quantum state using entanglement between two distant parties. Our theory takes into account experimental limitations due to contribution of multi-photon pair production of parametric down…
Extracting meaningful information about unknown quantum states without performing a full tomography is an important task. Low-dimensional projections and random measurements can provide such insight but typically require careful crafting.…
State representations summarize our knowledge about a system. When unobservable quantities are introduced the state representation is typically no longer unique. However, this non-uniqueness does not affect subsequent inferences based on…
In this sequence of papers, noncommutative analysis is used to give a consistent axiomatic approach to a unified conceptual foundation of classical and quantum physics. The present Part I defines the concepts of observables, states and…
In [J. C. Howell and J. A. Yeazell, Phys. Rev. A 62, 012102 (2000)], a proposal is made to generate entangled macroscopically distinguishable states of two spatially separated traveling optical modes. We model the decoherence due to light…
We study distinguishability of photons in multiphoton interference on a multiport when fast detectors, capable of precise time resolution, are employed. Such a setup was previously suggested for experimental realization of boson sampling…
We review experimental work on the measurement of the quantum state of optical fields, and the relevant theoretical background. The basic technique of optical homodyne tomography is described with particular attention paid to the role…
Motivated by an intention to apply partial wave analysis to systems containing photons, we construct eigenvectors of the distance of separation between two photons. A choice is made that makes the case of two photons most closely resemble…
The usual way to reveal properties of an unknown quantum state, given many copies of a system in that state, is to perform measurements of different observables and to analyze the measurement results statistically. Here we show that the…
We introduce a new technique to detect separable states using semidefinite programs. This approach provides a sufficient condition for separability of a state that is based on the existence of a certain local linear map applied to a known…
We propose experimentally feasible separability criteria for bipartite systems based on local symmetric measurements. Through detailed examples, we demonstrate that our criteria can detect entanglement more effectively compared to existing…