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Quantum uncertainty is deeply linked to quantum correlations and relativistic motion. The entropic uncertainty relation with quantum memory offers a powerful way to study how shared entanglement affects measurement precision. However, under…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Ming-Ming Du , Hong-Wei Li , Shu-Ting Shen , Xiao-Jing Yan , Xi-Yun Li , Lan Zhou , Wei Zhong , Yu-Bo Sheng

We demonstrate that a necessary precondition for unconditionally secure quantum key distribution is that sender and receiver can use the available measurement results to prove the presence of entanglement in a quantum state that is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Marcos Curty , Maciej Lewenstein , Norbert Lütkenhaus

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (QKD) offers secure communication, with secure key rates that surpass those achievable by QKD protocols utilizing two-dimensional encoding. However, existing high-dimensional QKD protocols require…

We give an operational meaning to the min-entropy of a quantum state as a resource measure for various interconnected tasks. In particular, we show that the min-entropy without smoothing measures the amount of quantum information that can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-28 Seok Hyung Lie , Seongjeon Choi , Hyunseok Jeong

Uncertainty relations are a distinctive characteristic of quantum theory that impose intrinsic limitations on the precision with which physical properties can be simultaneously determined. The modern work on uncertainty relations employs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-16 Shmuel Friedland , Vlad Gheorghiu , Gilad Gour

The uncertainty principle and entanglement are two fundamental, but yet not well understood, features of quantum theory. The uncertainty relation reflects the capability limit in acquiring the knowledge of different physical properties of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-15 Jun-Li Li , Cong-Feng Qiao

Quantum key distribution (QKD) establishes secure links between remote communication parties. As a key problem for various QKD protocols, security analysis gives the amount of secure keys regardless of the eavesdropper's computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-26 Hongyi Zhou , Toshihiko Sasaki , Masato Koashi

Uncertainty relations are central to quantum physics. While they were originally formulated in terms of variances, they have later been successfully expressed with entropies following the advent of Shannon information theory. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Anaelle Hertz , Nicolas J. Cerf

The uncertainty principle can be expressed in entropic terms, also taking into account the role of entanglement in reducing uncertainty. The information exclusion principle bounds instead the correlations that can exist between the outcomes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-26 Patrick J. Coles , Marco Piani

Uncertainty principle is a striking and fundamental feature in quantum mechanics distinguishing from classical mechanics. It offers an important lower bound to predict outcomes of two arbitrary incompatible observables measured on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-08 Fei Ming , Dong Wang , Xiao-Gang Fan , Wei-Nan Shi , Liu Ye , Jing-Ling Chen

Quantum systems may contain underlying correlations which are inaccessible to computationally bounded observers. We capture this distinction through a framework that analyses bipartite states only using efficiently implementable quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Álvaro Yángüez , Noam Avidan , Jan Kochanowski , Thomas A. Hahn

The uncertainty relation is a fundamental concept in quantum theory, plays a pivotal role in various quantum information processing tasks. In this study, we explore the additive uncertainty relation pertaining to two or more observables, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-30 Lin Zhang , Dade Wu , Ming-Jing Zhao , Hua Nan

In this article I present a protocol for quantum cryptography which is secure against attacks on individual signals. It is based on the Bennett-Brassard protocol of 1984 (BB84). The security proof is complete as far as the use of single…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two spatially separated parties to securely generate a cryptographic key. The first QKD protocol, published by C. H. Bennett and G. Brassard in 1984 (BB84), describes how this is achieved by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-13 Olli Ahonen

We revisit the well-studied problem of estimating the Shannon entropy of a probability distribution, now given access to a probability-revealing conditional sampling oracle. In this model, the oracle takes as input the representation of a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Priyanka Golia , Brendan Juba , Kuldeep S. Meel

We employ quantum relative entropy to establish the relation between the measurement uncertainty and its disturbance on a state in the presence (and absence) of quantum memory. For two incompatible observables, we present the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-17 Jun Zhang , Yang Zhang , Chang-shui Yu

In recent years, quantum computing technologies have steadily matured and have begun to find practical applications across various domains. One important area is network communication security, where Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Abel C. H. Chen

The uncertainty relation is a distinguishing feature of quantum theory, characterizing the incompatibility of noncommuting observables in the preparation of quantum states. Recently, many uncertainty relations were proposed with improved…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-25 Zhi-Xin Chen , Jun-Li Li , Qiu-Cheng Song , Hui Wang , S. M. Zangi , Cong-Feng Qiao

Quantum key distribution (QKD) based on coherent states is well known for its implementation simplicity, but it suffers from loss-dependent attacks based on optimal unambiguous state discrimination. Crucially, previous research has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-05 Li Liu , Yukun Wang , Emilien Lavie , Arno Ricou , Chao Wang , Fen Zhuo Guo , Charles Ci Wen Lim

The uncertainty principle is one of the most important issues that clarify the distinction between classical and quantum theory. This principle sets a bound on our ability to predict the measurement outcome of two incompatible observables…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 S. Haseli , H. Dolatkhah , H. Rangani Jahromi , S. Salimi , A. S. Khorashad